(b).
| Reference | Wound closure analysis | Reepithelialization analysis | Oxidative stress | Granulation tissue fill | Tensile strengths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sidhu et al., 1999 | Arnebin-1 reduced wound width wounds compared with control | Arnebin-1: 7 days Control: only epithelial migration over the dermis |
? | The organization of the granulation tissue was more advanced in arnebin-1-treated wounds with thick bundles of well-aligned collagen compared with controls | ? |
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| Paramesha et al., 2015 | Dehydroabietylamine: (97.78% ± 2.15) 16 days Control: (82.92% ± 1.83) 16 days |
Epithelialization in days
Dehydroabietylamine: 17.67 ± 2.62 Control: 23.17 ± 1.14 |
? |
Hydroxyproline content (µg/100 g)
Dehydroabietylamine: 2106,50 ± 2,62 Control: 1369,67 ± 10,54 |
Dehydroabietylamine: 425.67 g ± 10.03 Control: 277.00 g ± 9.39 |
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| Nagappan et al., 2012 | Mahanine and mahanimbicine: (88.5% ± 2.03 to 93% ± 2.04) 16 days Control: (82.7% ± 2.13) 16 days |
Mahanine and mahanimbicine: 18 days Control: 18 days |
? |
Collagen deposition
Mahanine and mahanimbicine: (65.63% ± 0.87 to 67.76% ± 0.85) 21 days and (81.56% ± 1.04 to 88.54% ± 1.34) 28 days Control: (61.84% ± 0.94) 21 days and (78.06% ± 1.22) 28 days |
? |
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| Qu et al., 2013 | Compound I to compound VII: (96.8% ± 1.9 to 87.0% ± 2.6) 16 days Control: (87.2% ± 3.1) 16 days |
Compound I and compound V: 18 days Control and other groups: 22 days |
? |
Hydroxyproline content (mg/g tissue)
Compound I to compound VII: 58.4 ± 3.7 to 80.3 ± 4.4 Control: 60.2 ± 4.1 |
Compound I to compound VII: 431.5 g ± 8.3 to 547.3 g ± 7.9 Control: 436.5 g ± 7.6 |
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| Ghosh et al., 2012 | Compound I to compound II: (100%) 18 days Control: (100%) 22 days |
Compound I: 17.16 ± 0.4 days Compound II: 17.25 ± 0.25 days Control: 22.00 ± 0.1 days |
? | Compounds I and II: fibrous connective tissue with strong collagenation Control: fibrosis and more aggregation of macrophages with less collagen fibers |
Compound I: 565.10 g ± 3.1 Compound II: 561.12 g ± 3.9 Control: 372.13 g ± 3.23 |
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| Mukherjee et al., 2013 | Compound I (2,5%): (89.91% ± 0.55) 18 days Compound II (2,5%): (97.89% ± 0.77) 18 days Control: (75.44% ± 0.37) 18 days |
Compound I (2,5%): 17.16 ± 0.4 days Compound II (2,5%): 16.01 ± 0.33 days Control: 21.00 ± 0.11 days |
? |
Hydroxyproline content (mg/g tissue)
Compound I (2,5%): 158.23 ± 0.44 Compound II (2,5%): 198.16 ± 0.33 Control: 151.9 ± 2.69 |
Compound I (2,5%): 538.00 g ± 1.89 Compound II (2,5%): 535.12 g ± 3.59 Control: 322.39 g ± 2.66 |
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| Melo et al., 2011 | Cramoll 1,4: (100%) 10 days Control: (100%) 12 days |
? | ? |
Crust presence: cramoll 1,4: 13.1 ± 7.02 Control: 5.4 ± 3.3 Collagen presence: cramoll 1,4: (higher collagen deposition and annex sprouts) 12 days Control: (matrix poor in collagen fibers) 12 days |
? |
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| Pieters et al., 1995 | 3′,4-0-Dimethylcedrusin: (85%) 15 days Taspine: (75%) 15 days Control: (60%) 15 days |
3′,4-0-Dimethylcedrusin: ++ (15 days) Taspine: + (15 days) Control: + (15 days) |
? |
Crust presence
3′,4-0-Dimethylcedrusin: after 5 days Taspine: after 5 days Control: after 3 days |
? |
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| Ahamed et al., 2009 | Gulonic acid γ-lactone: (94.02% ± 0.20) 16 days Control: (79.53% ± 0.97) 16 days |
Epithelialization in days
Gulonic acid γ-lactone: 18.62 ± 0.21 Control: 22.59 ± 0.15 |
? |
Hydroxyproline content (µg/100 g)
Gulonic acid γ-lactone: 780.48 ± 50.73 Control: 346.15 ± 14.54 Fibroblast count/high power field × 400 Gulonic acid γ-lactone: 53.26 ± 2.37 Control: 97.53 ± 4.26 Blood vessel count/high power field × 400 Gulonic acid γ-lactone: 21.94 ± 1.15 Control: 11.63 ± 1.11 |
Gulonic acid γ-lactone: 561.12 g ± 5.18 Control: 327.63 g ± 6.37 |
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| Zyuz'kov et al., 2012 | Songorine: 100% (9–16 days) Napelline: 100% (9–16 days) Hypaconitine: 100% (9–16 days) 12-Epinapelline N-oxide: 89.93% ± 5.53 (9–16 days) Mesaconitine: 97.8% ± 2.2 (9–16 days) Control: 89.72% ± 4.72 (9–16 days) |
Songorine-napelline-hypaconitine Newly formed epithelium by the wound edges represented a cell layer of varying thickness without vertical anisomorphism: 5 days |
? |
Leukocytic infiltration
Songorine: reduction (3 days) Napelline: reduction (3 days) Hypaconitine: reduction (3 days) 12-Epinapelline N-oxide: ?/mesaconitine: ?/control: ? Counts of fibroblasts Songorine: increased (3 days) Napelline: increased (3 days) Hypaconitine: increased (3 days) 12-Epinapelline N-oxide: ?/mesaconitine: ?/control: ? |
? |
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| Singh et al., 2005 | Deoxyelephantopin: 98.8% ± 0.35 (16 days) Control: 85.8% ± 0.69 (16 days) |
Epithelialization in days
Deoxyelephantopin: 14.0 ± 0.26 Control: 20.0 ± 0.86 |
? | Deoxyelephantopin: ↓ macrophages and ↑ collagen formation Control: ↑ macrophages and ↓ collagen formation |
Deoxyelephantopin: 412.0 g ± 11.37 Control: 298.6 g ± 8.48 |
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| Sharath et al., 2010 | Bacoside-A: 98.18% ± 0.05 (16 days) Control: 85.22% ± 0.02 (16 days) |
Epithelialization in days
Bacoside-A: 18.30 ± 0.01 Control: 20.20 ± 0.04 |
? | Bacoside-A: ↑ blood vessels and ↑ collagen formation Control: ↑ inflammatory cells, ↓ blood vessels, and ↓ collagen formation |
Bacoside-A: 538.47 g ± 0.14 Control: 380.48 g ± 0.11 |
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| Vidya et al., 2012 | Entadamide: 92.22% ± 0.05 (16 days) Phaseoloidin: 88.50 ± 0.10 (16 days) Entagenic acid: 96.08% ± 0.04 (16 days) Control: 83.31% ± 1.06 (16 days) |
Epithelialization in days
Entadamide: 19.92 ± 0.01 Phaseoloidin: 21.16 ± 0.02 Entagenic acid: 18.08 ± 0.01 Control: 24.00 ± 0 |
? |
Hydroxyproline content (µg/100 g)
Entadamide: 1891.17 ± 2.75 Phaseoloidin: 1690.33 ± 2.80 Entagenic acid: 2001.33 ± 3.53 Control: 1369.67 ± 10.54 |
Entadamide: 463.33 g ± 4.48 Phaseoloidin: 450.17 g ± 7.55 Entagenic acid: 549.83 g ± 2.21 Control: 260.83 g ± 14.05 |