Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of the congenital heart disease group.
| Clinical variables | n = 80 (%) |
|---|---|
| Defect severitya | |
| Simple | 4 (5%) |
| • Isolated atrial septal defect (ASD) | 2 |
| • Isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) | 2 |
| Moderate | 36 (45%) |
| • Tetralogy of Fallot with or without pulmonary atresia (PA) | 14 |
| • Aortic stenosis | 11 |
| • Coarctation of the aorta (COA) with VSD and/or ASD | 5 |
| • Mitral stenosis/regurgitation | 2 |
| • Ebstein anomaly | 2 |
| • Partial atrioventricular canal (AVC) | 1 |
| • ALCAPA | 1 |
| Great complexity | 40 (50%) |
| • Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) | 14 |
| • Congenitally corrected TGA (s/p double switch) | 2 |
| • Truncus arteriosus | 1 |
| • PA with intact ventricular septum (IVS) | 1 |
| • Single ventricle (s/p modified Fontan procedure) (n = 22) | |
| ○ HLHS, DORV, unbalanced AVC (single right) | 12 |
| ○ TA, DILV, unbalanced AVC (single left) | 10 |
| First surgery <30 days of age | 46 (58%) |
| # Surgeries with CPB (median) | 2 (1–5) |
| Years since last surgery (median) | 14 (1–20) |
| Genetic syndrome % | 2 (4%) |
| # Medications | |
| None | 15 (19%) |
| 1–2 | 38 (47%) |
| 3–4 | 20 (25%) |
| ≥5 | 7 (9%) |
| Pacemaker | 10 (11%) |
| Cyanosis at birth | 48 (60%) |
| Current oxygen saturation <90% | 9 (12%) |
| NYHA classification | |
| I | 51 (64%) |
| II–III | 29 (36%) |
aBased on Bethesda conference classification.
HLHS, hypoplastic left heart syndrome; DORV, double outlet right ventricle; TA, tricuspid atresia; DILV, double inlet left ventricle; ALCAPA, anomalous left coronary artery to pulmonary artery; NYHA, New York Heart Association.