Table 3.
Comparison of memory, anxiety, depression, sleepiness, self-efficacy, and health status between congenital heart disease and healthy control groups.
| Variables | CHD (n = 80) | Healthy (n = 80) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median (range) | |||
| WRAML2 | |||
| General memory index | 85 (49–112) | 108 (85–123) | <0.001* |
| Visual memory | 100 (79–115) | 100 (79–127) | 0.162 |
| Verbal memory | 88 (69–120) | 105 (80–135) | <0.001* |
| Attention/concentration | 88 (37–117) | 109 (65–134) | <0.001* |
| General recognition index | 93 (57–122) | 112 (87–128) | <0.001* |
| Working memory | 86 (55–122) | 108 (86–139) | <0.001* |
| Visual memory recognition | 93 (62–122) | 105 (82–122) | <0.001* |
| Verbal memory recognition | 93 (58–128) | 109 (84–128) | <0.001* |
| Anxiety (BAI) | 15 (3–52) | 6 (0–34) | <0.001* |
| Depression (PHQ-9) | 6 (0–24) | 2 (0–17) | 0.002* |
| Sleepiness (ESS) | 10 (0–18) | 8 (0–13) | 0.016* |
| Self-efficacy (GSE) | 29 (14–40) | 34 (22–40) | 0.006* |
| Perceived health status (SF-36v2) | |||
| Subscales | |||
| Physical function | 75 (5–100) | 100 (15–100) | <0.001* |
| Role function physical | 71 (0–100) | 100 (50–100) | <0.001* |
| Bodily pain | 84 (0–100) | 84 (41–100) | 0.221 |
| General health | 68 (10–100) | 82 (37–100) | <0.001* |
| Energy/fatigue | 62 (6–100) | 63 (18–100) | 0.625 |
| Social function | 87 (0–100) | 100 (25–100) | <0.001* |
| Emotional function | 83 (16–100) | 91 (16–100) | 0.005* |
| Mental health | 70 (20–100) | 80 (35–100) | 0.109 |
| Component summary scores | |||
| Physical | 49 (27–66) | 58 (28–63) | <0.001* |
| Mental | 47 (13–62) | 51 (19–64) | 0.259 |
BAI, Beck anxiety inventory; CHD, congenital heart disease; ESS, Epworth sleepiness scale; GSE, general self-efficacy; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Module; SF-36v2, Short-Form-36 Health Survey Version 2; WRAML2, Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning, Second Edition.
*Statistically significant (p < 0.05).