Table 2.
(I) In the 2 × 2 contingency table, the probability of death or rehospitalization evaluated in 160 patients with ADHF characterized by hyponatremia at admission is represented. Based on the reported data, the odds of having a 30-day unplanned readmission or death was much higher in patients with persistent hyponatremia compared to those who exhibited a sodium level normalized at discharge (odds ratio = 28.2; 95% CI: 11.58 to 68.62); (IIA) The odds of all-cause mortality within 30 days from discharge, detected in the group of ADHF patients with hyponatremia at admission which was not corrected during hospital stay (persistent hyponatremia: yes) and in the group of ADHF patients with initial hyponatremia and normalized serum sodium at discharge (persistent hyponatremia: no) are compared. The comparison shows that the normalization of serum sodium during the hospital stay was not associated with the decreased probability of short-term exitus in comparison with patients with persistent hyponatremia; (IIB) The odds of short-term re-hospitalization were significantly higher in patients with persistent hyponatremia in comparison with those who had had their serum sodium normalized (OR = 29.4; 95% CI: 10.93 to 79.05; p < 0.0001). ADHF, acute decompensated heart failure; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
| I | Death or Rehospitalization during 30-Day Follow-Up | |||
| Yes | No | Total | ||
| Persistent hyponatremia | Yes | 42 | 14 | 56 |
| No | 10 | 94 | 104 | |
| Total | 52 | 108 | 160 | |
| Single table analysis: | ||||
| Odds ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p-value | ||
| 28.2 | 11.58–68.62 | p < 0.0001 | ||
| IIA | Death within 30 Days after Discharge | |||
| Yes | No | Total | ||
| Persistent hyponatremia | Yes | 4 | 52 | 56 |
| No | 6 | 98 | 104 | |
| Total | 10 | 150 | 160 | |
| Single table analysis: | ||||
| Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p (Fisher Exact Test) | ||
| 1.256 | 0.334–4.65 | 0.7410 | ||
| IIB | Readmission within 30 Days after Discharge | |||
| Yes | No | Total | ||
| Persistent hyponatremia | Yes | 36 | 20 | 56 |
| No | 6 | 98 | 104 | |
| Total | 42 | 118 | 160 | |
| Single table analysis: | ||||
| Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p (Chi Square Corrected According to Yates) | ||
| 29.4 | 10.93–79.05 | <0.0001 | ||