Table 1.
Up-regulation of p53, p21 and p27 by C. speciosus active ingredients.
| Mechanism | Ingredients | Cell | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Up-regulation of p53 | Diosgenin | Human osteosarcoma (1547) | [21] |
| Cervix carcinoma (HEp-2) | |||
| Human melanoma (M4Beu) | |||
| Human osteosarcoma (1547) | [22] | ||
| [23] | |||
| Zerumbone | Human lung cancer (NSCLC) | [24] | |
| Human pancreatic carcinoma (PANC-1) | [25] | ||
| Up-regulation of p21 | Costunolide | Human prostate cancer (PC-3) | [26] |
| Breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) | [27] | ||
| Diosgenin | Human hepatoma (Bel-7402) | [28] | |
| Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) | |||
| Human hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721) | |||
| Human osteosarcoma (1547) | [23] | ||
| Human erythromyeloblastoid leukemia (K562) | [29] | ||
| Human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) | [30] | ||
| Lupeol | Human osteosarcoma cells (MNNG/HOS) | [31] | |
| Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) | |||
| Human pancreatic cancer (PCNA-1) | [32] | ||
| Melanoma (451Lu) | [33] | ||
| Zerumbone | Human pancreatic carcinoma (PANC-1) | [25] | |
| Up-regulation of p27 | Diosgenin | Human hepatoma (Bel-7402) | [28] |
| Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) | |||
| Human hepatoma cells (SMMC-7721) | |||
| Lupeol | Human osteosarcoma cells (MNNG/HOS) | [31] | |
| Human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) | |||
| Human pancreatic cancer (PCNA-1) | [32] |