Table 6.
Alphabetic classification of all a.s. present in the 90 samples of roses, gerberas, and chrysanthemums, number of detections (concentrations > LOQ), frequency (samples in % containing the a.s.), and maximum concentration values.
| Active Substances Detected in the Samples | Roses | Gerberas | Chrysanthemums | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Detections (out of 50) (Frequency) | Maximum Concentration (mg/kg) | Number of detections (out of 20) (Frequency) | Maximum Concentration (mg/kg) | Number of Detections (out of 20) (Frequency) | Maximum Concentration (mg/kg) | |
| 6-Benzyladenine | 1 (2%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Acephate | 15 (30%) | 21.90 | 0 | <0.01 | 2 (10%) | 2.10 |
| Acetamiprid | 12 (24%) | 0.71 | 1 (5%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Acrinatrin | 1 (2%) | 0.05 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Ametoctradin | 6 (12%) | 0.30 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Azadirachtine | 0 | <0.01 | 3 (15%) | 0.13 | 4 (20%) | 1.30 |
| Azoxystrobin | 6 (12%) | 0.06 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Benalaxyl | 1 (2%) | 0.14 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Benomyl (carbendazim) | 22 (44%) | 27.30 | 2 (10%) | 0.03 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Bifenazate | 2 (4%) | 0.12 | 0 | <0.01 | 17 (85%) | 0.53 |
| Bifenthrin | 1 (2%) | 0.69 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Bitertanol | 1 (2%) | 0.03 | 1 (5%) | 0.06 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Boscalid | 20 (40%) | 12.90 | 2 (10%) | 0.08 | 1 (5%) | 0.05 |
| Bupirimate | 9 (18%) | 1.80 | 3 (15%) | 0.04 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Buprofezin | 3 (6%) | 0.69 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Carbosulfan | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.14 |
| Carboxin | 1 (2%) | 0.03 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Chlorantraniliprole | 3 (6%) | 0.03 | 2 (10%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Chlorfenapyr | 2 (4%) | 0.04 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Chloridazon | 1 (2%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Chlorothalonil | 3 (6%) | 0.12 | 1 (5%) | 2.00 | 3 (15%) | 3.50 |
| Chlorpyrifos | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 2 (10%) | 0.31 |
| Clofentezine | 12 (24%) | 15.30 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Cyflufenamid | 1 (2%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Cyfluthrin | 3 (6%) | 0.39 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Cyhalothrin | 6 (12%) | 2.40 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Cypermethrin | 6 (12%) | 0.92 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Cyprodinil | 31 (62%) | 7.40 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Deltamethrin | 1 (2%) | 0.22 | 0 | <0.01 | 6 (30%) | 1.30 |
| Diazinon | 2 (4%) | 0.05 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Dicofol | 1 (2%) | 1.00 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Difenoconazole | 4 (8%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Dimethoate | 2 (4%) | 0.33 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Dimethomorph | 17 (34%) | 1.90 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Dinotefuran | 2 (4%) | 2.10 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Dodemorph | 37 (74%) | 41.90 | 2 (10%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Ethirimol | 13 (26%) | 0.36 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Etoxazole | 3 (6%) | 1.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 3 (15%) | 1.60 |
| Etridiazole | 0 | <0.05 | 0 | <0.05 | 7 (35%) | 3.50 |
| Famoxadone | 11 (22%) | 3.30 | 1 (5%) | 0.04 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenamidone | 5 (10%) | 1.10 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenamiphos | 1 (2%) | 3.30 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenarimol | 1 (2%) | 0.03 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenhexamid | 13 (26%) | 19.50 | 0 | <0.01 | 2 (10%) | 0.90 |
| Fenpropathrin | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenpropidin | 2 (4%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fensulfothion-Oxon | 1 (2%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fenvalerate | 1 (2%) | 0.06 | 0 | <0.01 | 5 (25%) | 1.90 |
| Fipronil | 7 (14%) | 0.68 | 0 | <0.005 | 1 (5%) | 0.75 |
| Flonicamid | 18 (36%) | 1.40 | 11 (55%) | 3.30 | 4 (20%) | 0.45 |
| Flubendiamide | 3 (6%) | 0.28 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fludioxonil | 19 (38%) | 2.00 | 1 (5%) | 0.03 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 |
| Flufenoxuron | 1 (2%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fluopicolide | 15 (30%) | 1.60 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fluopyram | 23 (46%) | 12.40 | 15 (75%) | 3.00 | 4 (20%) | 6.40 |
| Forchlorfenuron | 1 (2%) | 0.19 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Fosthiazate | 1 (2%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Furalaxyl | 2 (4%) | 9.90 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Hexythiazox | 3 (6%) | 0.16 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Imidacloprid | 21 (42%) | 3.00 | 0 | <0.01 | 3 (15%) | 0.93 |
| Indoxacarb | 3 (6%) | 1.20 | 2 (10%) | 0.16 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Iprodione | 20 (40%) | 17.40 | 7 (35%) | 0.65 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Iprovalicarb | 5 (10%) | 5.40 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Isocarbofos | 1 (2%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Kresoxim-methyl | 9 (18%) | 1.40 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Lufenuron | 12 (24%) | 1.90 | 0 | <0.02 | 5 (25%) | 0.87 |
| Mandipropamid | 5 (10%) | 6.70 | 1 (5%) | 0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 |
| Mepanipyrim | 2 (4%) | 5.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Metalaxyl and Metalaxyl-M | 5 (10%) | 0.29 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 |
| Methamidophos | 14 (28%) | 5.40 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.57 |
| Methiocarb | 1 (2%) | 13.60 | 0 | <0.01 | 4 (20%) | 6.00 |
| Methomyl and Thiodicarb | 3 (6%) | 4.50 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Methoxyfenozide | 9 (18%) | 5.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 |
| Metrafenone | 5 (10%) | 10.30 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Myclobutanil | 1 (2%) | 0.13 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Novaluron | 6 (12%) | 2.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Oxadixyl | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 2 (10%) | 0.03 |
| Oxamyl | 1 (2%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Oxycarboxin | 3 (6%) | 0.11 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Paclobutrazol | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Picoxystrobin | 2 (4%) | 1.80 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Piperonyl-butoxide | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.27 | 4 (20%) | 0.07 |
| Pirimicarb | 10 (20%) | 0.26 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Prochloraz | 4 (8%) | 3.10 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Procymidone | 18 (36%) | 35.30 | 1 (5%) | 0.35 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Propamocarb | 22 (44%) | 35.40 | 4 (20%) | 0.16 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Pymetrozine | 6 (12%) | 0.56 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.03 |
| Pyraclostrobin | 7 (14%) | 1.30 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Pyridaben | 1 (2%) | 0.08 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Pyridalyl | 1 (2%) | 0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Pyrimethanil | 23 (46%) | 13.70 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Quinalphos | 1 (2%) | 0.05 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Spinetoram | 5 (10%) | 0.13 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Spinosad | 9 (18%) | 0.58 | 3 (15%) | 0.40 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Spirotetramat | 1 (2%) | 0.03 | 3 (15%) | 2.30 | 2 (10%) | 0.10 |
| Spiroxamine | 34 (68%) | 15.00 | 1 (5%) | 0.03 | 1 (5%) | 0.02 |
| Tebuconazole | 4 (8%) | 5.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Tetradifon | 1 (2%) | 0.08 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Thiabendazole | 1 (2%) | 4.20 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Thiacloprid | 7 (14%) | 5.80 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Thiamethoxam | 8 (16%) | 4.20 | 1 (5%) | 0.80 | 17 (85%) | 2.20 |
| Thiophanate-methyl | 1 (2%) | 9.90 | 2 (10%) | 0.02 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Tolclofos-methyl | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 | 17 (85%) | 5.60 |
| Trichlofron | 0 | <0.02 | 6 (30%) | 0.05 | 0 | <0.02 |
| Trifloxystrobin | 2 (4%) | 0.09 | 0 | <0.01 | 1 (5%) | 0.03 |
| Triflumizole | 3 (6%) | 0.54 | 4 (20%) | 0.24 | 0 | <0.01 |
| Triforine | 1 (2%) | 0.79 | 0 | <0.01 | 0 | <0.01 |