TABLE 3.
Associations between latent dietary pattern at 24–29 wk gestation and BMI-for-age z score at birth and 6 mo, 1 y, and 3 y of age in the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition study, 1996–20051
| Latent class 12 | Latent class 23 | Latent class 34 | |
| BMI-for-age z score at birth (n = 202) | |||
| Crude | −0.05 (−0.32, 0.22) | 0.0 (Ref) | −0.24 (−0.57, 0.10) |
| Adjusted5 | −0.12 (−0.39, 0.14) | 0.0 (Ref) | −0.41 (−0.79, −0.03)* |
| BMI-for-age z score at 6 mo of age (n = 254) | |||
| Crude | 0.03 (−0.25, 0.31) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.23 (−0.11, 0.57) |
| Adjusted5 | 0.05 (−0.23, 0.34) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.13 (−0.25, 0.50) |
| BMI-for-age z score at 1 y of age (n = 282) | |||
| Crude | 0.08 (−0.19, 0.34) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.45 (0.12, 0.78)* |
| Adjusted5 | 0.03 (−0.24, 0.30) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.32 (−0.04, 0.69) |
| BMI-for-age z score at 3 y of age (n = 244) | |||
| Crude | 0.19 (−0.09, 0.46) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.42 (0.09, 0.75)* |
| Adjusted5 | 0.09 (−0.19, 0.38) | 0.0 (Ref) | 0.24 (−0.12, 0.60) |
Values are β coefficients (95% CIs). *Statistically significant; 95% CI does not cross the null value 0.0. Ref, reference.
Represents a high probability of consuming peaches, strawberries, canned fruits, broccoli, green beans or peas, corn, cabbage or coleslaw, white potatoes, sweet potatoes, refined grains, red and processed meats, pizza, french fries, sweets, salty snacks, and soft drinks.
Represents a high probability of consuming apples, bananas, oranges, tomatoes, broccoli, spinach, carrots, green salads, whole-wheat bread, low-fat dairy, baked chicken, and water.
Represents a high probability of consuming white bread, red and processed meats, fried chicken, french fries, and vitamin C–rich drinks.
Adjusted for maternal age categories, maternal race, education at enrollment, income level, marital status, parity, smoking status, and prepregnancy BMI.