Table 1. Specifications of water evaporation driven micropumps.
| Reference number (year) | Power-less | Flow rate (µl/hr) | Thermo-reactivity | Active flow control (method) | Operating time | Portable | Applicable |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim et al. (Our device) | o | 30 | Active | o (Heating) | Days | o | o |
| 14 (2002) | o | 14.4~25 | Passive | o (Airflow) | — | x | x |
| 15 (2002) | o | 0.6–60 | Passive | x (Sorption agent) | Days | o | o |
| 16 (2002) | o | 2.9 (P), 72 (A) | Passive | x | Single use | o | x |
| 17 (2003) | o | 0.3 | Passive | o (Heating) | ∼2 hrs | x | x |
| 18 (2005) | x | 0.1–4.3 | Passive | o (Heating, peltier electrode) | — | x | x |
| 19 (2006) | o | 180 | Passive | x | Few hrs | o | o |
| 20 (2008) | o | 32.4–140 | Passive | x | ~400 hrs | x | o |
| 21 (2009) | o | 0.03 | Passive | x | ~6 hrs | o | o |
| 22 (2011) | o | 0.24~0.48 (P), 6.8~7.6 (A) | Passive | o (Heating) | — | o | X |
| 23 (2014) | x | 84.6 | Passive | o (Piezoelectric) | — | x | x |
| 24 (2015) | o | 0.4~7.2 | Passive | x | Single use | o | x |
P, passive control; A, active control.