Evaluation of PSII efficiency in P. patens flv KO lines. (A) Chl fluorescence kinetics, normalized to the dark acclimated maximum (Fm) value, of WT and flv KO lines. A representative kinetic for each genotype is reported (first 120 s after light is switched on). (B) QA relative reduction and (C) heat dissipation of excess energy (NPQ), calculated from fluorescence kinetics (complete measurements are reported in SI Appendix, Fig. S7). WT, shown in black; flva KO, red; flvb KO, blue; all plants were grown 10 d in control light. Upper yellow/black bars indicate when actinic light (175 µmol photons m−2⋅s−1) was on/off. Data are reported as average ± SD of four independent biological replicates. Asterisks indicate significant differences between WT and flv KOs (t test, *P = 0.05; **P = 0.01).