Table 2.
Percentagea of Patients Prescribed Antiretroviral Therapy and Virally Suppressed: By Patient Characteristics Among Those With Healthcare Coverage or Assistance, Medical Monitoring Project, 2009–2013 (n = 17 560)
| Prescribed ART (%)b | HIV Viral Load Undetectable or <200 copies/mL (%) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | % | 95% CI | P Valuec | % | 95 % CI | P Valuec | ||
| Health care payer type | <.01 | <.01 | ||||||
| RWHAP only | 94.2 | 92.8 | 95.5 | 76.7 | 74.5 | 78.8 | ||
| Private | 88.5 | 87.3 | 89.8 | 79.4 | 77.5 | 81.2 | ||
| Medicaid | 88.8 | 87.3 | 90.3 | 65.7 | 63.2 | 68.2 | ||
| Medicare | 92.6 | 90.3 | 94.9 | 78.0 | 75.0 | 81.0 | ||
| Medicaid +Medicare | 93.9 | 92.7 | 95.1 | 76.0 | 73.8 | 78.3 | ||
| Other public | 88.7 | 83.3 | 94.2 | 73.6 | 67.7 | 79.5 | ||
| Private+RWHAP | 95.2 | 93.3 | 97.1 | 82.4 | 79.3 | 85.5 | ||
| Medicaid+RWHAP | 94.9 | 93.6 | 96.3 | 70.4 | 67.3 | 73.4 | ||
| Medicare+RWHAP | 96.3 | 95.0 | 97.7 | 82.2 | 79.1 | 85.3 | ||
| Medicaid+Medicare+RWHAP | 96.4 | 94.7 | 98.2 | 80.0 | 76.0 | 84.0 | ||
| Other public + RWHAP | 95.4 | 92.8 | 97.9 | 78.8 | 74.4 | 83.2 | ||
| VA/Champus/Tricare | 95.2 | 92.7 | 97.8 | 79.4 | 74.9 | 83.9 | ||
| Other payer type | 92.4 | 90.7 | 94.0 | 77.3 | 74.7 | 80.0 | ||
| Gender | .02 | <.01 | ||||||
| Male | 92.6 | 91.9 | 93.3 | 77.6 | 76.4 | 78.8 | ||
| Female | 91.2 | 90.3 | 92.1 | 71.1 | 69.2 | 73.0 | ||
| Transgender/Intersex | 93.6 | 90.0 | 97.2 | 67.5 | 60.4 | 74.6 | ||
| Age (years) | <.01 | <.01 | ||||||
| 18–29 | 82.5 | 79.7 | 85.3 | 62.2 | 59.3 | 65.2 | ||
| 30–39 | 90.7 | 89.3 | 92.1 | 70.9 | 68.9 | 72.9 | ||
| 40–49 | 92.7 | 91.8 | 93.6 | 74.8 | 73.2 | 76.3 | ||
| ≥50 | 94.1 | 93.3 | 94.9 | 80.7 | 79.5 | 82.0 | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | <.01 | <.01 | ||||||
| non-Hispanic black | 91.2 | 90.3 | 92.1 | 70.1 | 68.4 | 71.8 | ||
| non-Hispanic white | 93.5 | 92.4 | 94.6 | 81.9 | 80.8 | 82.9 | ||
| Hispanic | 92.3 | 91.1 | 93.4 | 76.4 | 74.1 | 78.8 | ||
| Other | 91.8 | 90.0 | 93.7 | 76.5 | 73.2 | 79.7 | ||
| Nativity | .31 | .03 | ||||||
| US-born | 92.2 | 91.6 | 92.7 | 75.4 | 74.2 | 76.6 | ||
| Foreign-born | 92.8 | 91.5 | 94.1 | 78.1 | 75.7 | 80.5 | ||
| Education | .33 | <.01 | ||||||
| Less than high school | 92.8 | 92.0 | 93.6 | 70.3 | 68.4 | 72.2 | ||
| High school graduated | 92.0 | 91.1 | 92.9 | 74.0 | 72.6 | 75.4 | ||
| Some college or more | 92.1 | 91.4 | 92.9 | 78.8 | 77.6 | 80.1 | ||
| Poverty statuse | .07 | <.01 | ||||||
| Above poverty level | 92.7 | 91.9 | 93.4 | 80.2 | 79.1 | 81.3 | ||
| At or below poverty level | 91.9 | 91.2 | 92.6 | 70.4 | 68.7 | 72.1 | ||
| Homeless (past 12 mo)f | <.01 | <.01 | ||||||
| Yes | 89.4 | 87.5 | 91.3 | 62.0 | 58.8 | 65.1 | ||
| No | 92.5 | 91.9 | 93.1 | 77.0 | 75.8 | 78.1 | ||
| Time since HIV diagnosis (years) | <.01 | <.01 | ||||||
| <5 | 86.8 | 85.4 | 88.2 | 72.4 | 70.3 | 74.6 | ||
| 5–9 | 92.9 | 91.9 | 93.9 | 76.1 | 74.5 | 77.8 | ||
| 10+ | 94.0 | 93.3 | 94.8 | 76.9 | 75.5 | 78.2 | ||
| HIV disease stageg | <.01 | .22 | ||||||
| Stage 1: No AIDS and nadir CD4 ≥500 (or CD4% ≥29) | 79.5 | 76.9 | 82.0 | 77.9 | 75.1 | 80.6 | ||
| Stage 2: No AIDS and nadir CD4 200–499 (or CD4% 14–<29) | 87.0 | 85.7 | 88.2 | 75.0 | 73.2 | 76.7 | ||
| Stage 3: AIDS or nadir CD4 0–199 (or CD4% <14) | 95.6 | 94.9 | 96.2 | 76.2 | 74.9 | 77.6 | ||
| Total | 92.2 | 91.6 | 92.8 | 75.8 | 74.6 | 76.9 | ||
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; RWHAP, Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program.
Percentages and 95 CIs are weighted to account for unequal selection probabilities and nonresponse.
Documented ART prescription in the medical record during the 12 months prior to interview.
P-value corresponding to global F-test.
Includes general education development (GED) credential.
US Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: http://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/09poverty.shtml.
McKinney-Vento definition of homelessness: living on the street, living in a shelter, living in a single-room-occupancy hotel, temporarily staying with friends or family, or living in a car. A person is categorized as homeless if that person lacks a fixed, regular, adequate night-time residence or has a steady night-time residence that is 1) a supervised publicly or privately operated shelter designed to provide temporary living accommodation, 2) an institution that provides a temporary residence for persons intended to be institutionalized, or 3) a public or private place not designed for or ordinarily used as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings (eg, in an automobile or under a bridge) (Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act, 42 U.S.C. §11301, et seq; 1987).
Schneider E, Whitmore S, Glynn KM, et al Revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years—United States, 2008. MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports/Centers for Disease Control. Dec 5 2008; 57(RR-10):1–12.