Table 2.
The simulation parameters.
| Description | Parameter | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Transmitting antenna gain | Gt | 1 |
| Receiving antenna gain | Gr | 1 |
| Transmitting antenna height | ht | 1 m |
| Receiving antenna height | hr | 1 m |
| Maximum transmitting power | pi,max | For any node i, pi,max is set as randomly distributed between 0 dBm and 20 dBm |
| Receiver sensitivity | phi | For any node i, phi is as −85 dBm |
| Carrier signal wavelength | λ | 0.1224 m |
| System loss factor | L | 1 |
| Crossover distance | dcrossover | 103 m |
| Initial battery capacity | ei,int | For any node i, ei,int is randomly distributed between 0.05 J and 0.2 J |
| Bit rate | Rb | 2 Mbit/s |
| SNR threshold | γ(Mt,Mr) |
γ(1,1) = 54.4 dBm; γ(1,2) = 40.6 dBm; γ(2,1) = 44.1 dBm; γ(2,2) = 36.9 dBm |
| Factor depending on amplifier drain efficiency and underlying modulation | δ | 0.5 |
| Single-sided thermal noise PSD | No | −171 dBm/Hz |
| Passband bandwidth | B | 10 kHz |
| Receiver noise figure | Nf | 40 dBm |
| Constant depending on transmitter and receiver antenna gains | Go | 1 |
| Link margin compensating for hardware variations and other sources of interference | Ml | 40 dBm |
| Power consumption for digital-to-analog converter | PDAC | 12 dBm |
| Power consumption for mixer | Pmix | 15 dBm |
| Power consumption for low noise amplifier | PLNA | 13 dBm |
| Power consumption for intermediate frequency amplifier | PIFA | 3 dBm |
| Power consumption for active filter at the transmitter side | Pfilt | 4 dBm |
| Power consumption for active filter at receiver side | Pfilr | 4 dBm |
| Power consumption for analog-to-digital converter | PADC | 12 dBm |
| Power consumption for frequency synthesizer | Psyn | 17 dBm |
| Length of data packet consisting of 4 sub-packages | l | 10,000 bit |
| Reference energy | eref | 0.2 J |
| Reference distance | dref | 420 m |