Table 2.
Demographic, anthropometric, laboratory characteristics, and ART combinations at baseline and follow-up
| Variables | At study baseline | At study follow-up | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Total number of participants (N1) | 170 | 170 | |
| Sex: female n1/N1 (frequency) | 130 (76.7%) | 135(79.4%) | 0.7328 |
| Mean age (years) ± SD | 40.1±10.1 | 40.5±10.4 | 0.7035 |
| NVP/3TC/TDF, n (frequency) | 107 (0.63) | 97 (0.57) | 0.5287 |
| EFV/3TC/TDF, n (frequency) | 18 (0.11) | 25 (0.15) | 0.3604 |
| ZDV/3TC/TDC, n (frequency) | 11 (0.06) | 10 (0.06) | 0.9834 |
| PI-based second line, n (frequency) | 11 (0.06) | 22 (0.13) | 0.0801 |
| ART naïve, n (frequency) | 23 (0.14) | 11 (0.06) | 0.0496 |
| Anthropometric characteristics | |||
| Median years since diagnosis (IQR) | 4 (3–8) | – | – |
| Median years since ART (IQR) | 3 (1–6) | – | – |
| Median SBP/mmHg (IQR) | 122 (113–135) | 120 (110–140) | <0.0001 |
| Median DBP/mmHg (IQR) | 80 (70–90) | 80 (70–80) | 0.0184 |
| Mean BMI (kg/m2) ± SD | 24.7±4.8 | 24.3±5.0 | 0.2908e |
| Laboratory characteristics | |||
| Median CD4/cells/mm3 (IQR) | 439 (293–605) | – | – |
| Median CD4/cells/mm3 (IQR) | 439 (293–605) | 471 (315–660) | 0.7407 |
| Median viral load/copies/mL (range) | – | 37(20–350 000) | – |
| Median viral load/log10/copies/mL (range) | – | 1.6 (1.3–5.5) | – |
| Median hsCRP/g/dL (IQR) | 2–8.9 | 2.1–7.8 | 0.0002 |
| Mean MPO/AAU/L ± SD | 122.4±112.6 | 99.8±73.9 | 0.0001e |
| Median TC/mg/dL (IQR) | 176.9 (148.9–215.8) | 152.6 (124.1–182.1) | <0.0001 |
| Median HDL/mg/dL (IQR) | 46.6 (38.3–56.8) | 49.9 (39.1–61.9) | 0.2815 |
| Median LDL/mg/dL (IQR) | 89.7 (52.6–124.1) | 94.9 (70.8–117.2) | 0.5663 |
| Median TC/HDL ratio (IQR) | 3.9 (3.1–4.5) | 3.1 (2.4–4.0) | <0.0001 |
| Mean Framingham risk score as % (range) | 3.9 (<1–29.8) | 2.8 (<1–38.3) | 0.0002 |
Note: All values compared using nonparametric tests for the equality of matched pairs, except for values marked with “e”, which were compared using paired t-tests for matched pairs. Italicized values represent significant P-values <0.05.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CD4, cluster of differentiation 4; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; EFV/3TC/TDF, efavirenz/lamivudine/tenofovir; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, highly sensitive C-reactive protein; IQR, interquartile range; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NVP/3TC/TDF, nevirapine/lamivudine/tenofovir; PI, protease inhibitor; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; TC, total cholesterol; ZDV/3TC/TDC, zidovudine/lamivudine/tenofovir.