Table 3. Effect of Pilates exercise versus minimal intervention or usual care.
| Study | Outcome measure | Mean difference between groups/Exp. minus ctrl | Significance of difference between groups | Attain MCID | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gladwell, V., et al.5) | RMVAS | NA | - | - | ||
| OSWDQ | NA | - | - | |||
| Sports functioning | NA | - | - | |||
| SF-12: general health | NA | - | - | |||
| one-leg standing balance (s) | NA | - | - | |||
| Flexibility | NA | Between groups p<0.05 | NA | |||
| Daily diary | NA | Between groups p<0.05 | NA | |||
| Rydeard, R., et al.10) | RMDQ | 1.2 | Between groups p<0.023 | - | ||
| PNRS | 5.6 | p=0.002 | + | |||
| Miyamoto, G.C., et al.23) | PNRS | 6 wk | 2.2 | 6-week Between groups p<0.01 | + | |
| RMDQ | 6 wk | 2.7 | Between groups p<0.01 | + | ||
| Patient-specific functional scale | 6 wk | −0.4 | - | - | ||
| Global perceived effect scale | 6 wk | −1.5 | 6-week follow-up Between groups p<0.01 | NA | ||
| Kinesiophobia- tampa scale | 6 wk | 1.6 | - | - | ||
| K Quinn., et al.9) | RMDQ | 1.26 | - | - | ||
| SAT | 27% | - | - | |||
| VAS: follow up | 14.2 (mm) | Between groups p=0.047 | - | |||
| Natour, J., et al.8) | VAS | T45 | −0.46 | Between group p<0.001 | - | |
| T90 | −1.12 | |||||
| T180 | −1.63 | |||||
| Roland-Morris questionnaire (RM) | T45 | −2.08 | Between group p<0.001 | + | ||
| T90 | −3.80 | |||||
| T180 | −3.62 | |||||
| SF-36 | physical functioning | T45 | 5.12 | Between group p=0.026 | NA | |
| T90 | 8.54 | |||||
| T180 | 5.83 | |||||
| vitality | T45 | 6.33 | Between group p=0.029 | NA | ||
| T90 | 10.58 | |||||
| T180 | 5.29 | |||||
| bodily pain | T45 | 4.25 | Between group p=0.030 | NA | ||
| T90 | 8.04 | |||||
| T180 | 8.29 | |||||
| Sit-and-reach test | T45 | 5.63 | - | - | ||
| T90 | 6.77 | |||||
| T180 | 6.54 | |||||
| Satisfaction with treatment (Likert scale) | T45 | - | - | - | ||
| T90 | ||||||
| T180 | ||||||
| NSAID use | T45 | −5.90 | Between groups p<0.010 | NA | ||
| T90 | −5.66 | |||||
| T180 | −7.13 | |||||
MCID: minimal clinical importance difference; NA: not available; RMVAS: Roland Morris pain rating visual analogue scale; OSWDQ: Oswestry Low-Back Pain Disability Questionnaire; PNRS: pain numerical rating scale; RMDQ: Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire; SAT: Sahrmann Abdominal Test; SF: social functioning; NSAID: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; T45: 45 days after baseline; T90: 90 days after baseline; T180: 180 days after baseline