Table 1.
Baseline characteristics (n = 17).
| Experimental | Control | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 10) | (n = 7) | ||
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Age, years | 58.1 (15.2) | 63.6 (12.7) | 0.67 |
| Gender, % male | 70% | 57.1% | 0.64 |
| Educationa | 4.8 (2.9) | 4.3 (2.6) | 0.50 |
| Time post stroke, months | 33.1 (19.4) | 42.6 (23.7) | 0.54 |
| Stroke type | |||
| Ischemic, % | 80% | 100% | |
| Unknown, % | 20% | 0% | |
| Stroke localization, % LH | 100%b | 100% | 1.0 |
| Handedness, % right handedc | 90% | 100% | 1.0 |
| AAT Token Test | 35.4 (10.9) | 31.0 (18.7) | 1.0 |
| AAT language repetition | 53.6 (28.5) | 35.3 (22.7) | 0.23 |
| AAT auditory comprehension | 40.7 (6.4) | 41.7 (7.6) | 0.89 |
| AAT naming | 25.7 (27.8) | 16.0 (30.8) | 0.30 |
| ANELT | 15.7 (6.2) | 12.9 (7.1) | 0.32 |
| Sabadel, CIUs | 4.9 (8.9) | 3.3 (8.3) | 0.48 |
| MIT repetition | 30.7 (26.0) | 23.0 (16.8) | 0.60 |
| SAT non-verbal | 22.9 (5.3) | 23.9 (4.8) | 0.74 |
SD, standard deviation; LH, left hemisphere; AAT, Aachen Aphasia Test; ANELT, Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test; CIU, Correct Information Units; MIT, Melodic Intonation Therapy; SAT, Semantic Association Test.
aLevel of education 1 = lowest (primary school), 8 = highest (university); bone patient was referred to us as aphasic after a large infarct in the left hemisphere. This patient also participated in an fMRI study we were running. The MRI scan showed a large infarct in left fronto-parietal regions as well as a right temporo-parietal infarct. cHandedness before stroke (Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and/or medical information).