Table 4.

Association between Metformin use, CKD and incident LA

Sub‐cohorts	No of events	Hazard ratio [95% CI]*	Hazard ratio [95% CI]† propensity score adjusted
Association between Metformin use and incident LA
Patients with CLD	9	0.79 [0.12–5.19]	0.70 [0.10–4.76]
Patient without CLD	21	1.38 [0.26–7.23]	0.97 [0.28–3.31]
Patient with CKD	21	0.66 [0.18–2.45]	1.04 [0.33–3.28]
Patient without CKD	9	1.45 [0.29–7.33]	1.38 [0.27–6.96]
Patients without CKD or CLD	7	1.18 [0.23–6.19]	1.44 [0.27–7.76]
Association between CKD and incident LA
Patients with CLD	9	14.27 [2.91–69.97]	14.79 [3.00–72.90]
Patient without CLD	21	5.04 [1.86–13.63]	4.79 [1.77–12.94]

^* The covariates which caused at least a 10% shift in the risk estimate for the univariate analysis were adjusted in the final model. The COX model for each analysis was constructed separately.

^† We categorized the continuous propensity score into 20 strata of 5% each for the distribution of scores. The covariates which caused at least a 10% shift in the risk estimate after given by stratum of propensity score were adjusted in the final model.