Table 1. Characteristics of included articles with no hypothermia treatment.

Study and year of publication	HIE stage 1/2/3 (n)	NT	Follow-up	Neurodevelopmenta assessment. Definition of adverse outcome	Quality; Reason for reduction
Thornberg1994 [24]	NS, total n = 38	38	18 mo	Denver; Death or CP ± mental retardation	Moderate; Small sample size, stage of encephalopathy NS, variable follow-up
Hellström-Westas 1995 [23]	NS, total n = 47, stage 2–3 n = 24, unspecified number of non-encephalopathic infants	47	12–18 mo	NS; Death, CP or psychomotor retardation requiring special training	Moderate; Small sample size, patients with no encephalopathy or stage 1 included, unprecise definition of neurological impairment
Eken 1995 [21]	11/7/16	34	24 mo	Griffiths and neurologic examination according to Amiel-Tison, Grenier and Touwen.; Death,,DQ <85 or CP	Moderate; Small sample size, patients with HIE stage 1 included
al Naqeeb 1999 [12]	14/17/7, stage NA in 2	40	18–24 mo	Griffiths or Optimality Score and neurologic examination; Death, neuromotor abnormalities, Optimality Score <20 or DQ <85	Moderate; Small sample size, patients with HIE stage 1 included
Toet 1999 [15]	NS, total n = 68	68	≥12 mo	Griffiths and neurologic examination according to Amiel-Tison, Grenier and Touwen. Alberta Infant Motor Scale in children younger than 18 mo.; Death, CP or DQ <80	Moderate; Stage of encephalopathy NS, variable follow-up
Shalak 2003 [16]	3/17/2, normal n = 15, stage 1–2 n = 13	50	18 mo	Bayley, neurological examination, visual and hearing evaluation.; Death, CP, non-specified low Bayley score, altered vision or hearing	Low; Small sample size, patients with no encephalopathy or stage 1 included, disability not well defined
Ter Horst 2004 [25]	4/18/5, stage NA in 3	30	24 mo	Neurologic examination based on Touwen.; Death, severe mental and motor delay, infantile spasms or CP	Low; Retrospective, small sample size, patients with HIE stage 1 included
Van Rooij 2005 [26]	NS, total n = 160	160	24 mo	Griffiths; Death, CP, DQ <85	Moderate; Retrospective, stage of encephalopathy NS, variable follow-up
Shany 2006 [27]	16/14/9	39	30 mo	Bayley II for children ≤42 mo and Leiter-R test for children > 42 mo. Neurologic evaluation according to Amiel-Tison; Death, developmental score <80 or CP	Low; Retrospective, developmental results needing adjustment for maternal education, patients with HIE stage 1 included
Ancora 2010 [28]	17/13/2	32	24 mo	Griffiths, neurologic examination and psychomotor assessment via Milani-Comparetti’s neuroevolutive assessment, Brazelton’s behavioural assessment and Prechtl’s general movement assessment. Brainstem auditory evoked responses and assessment of visual function.; Death, CP, DQ <85, hearing loss or cortical visual impairment	Moderate; Small sample size, patients with HIE stage 1 included

CP, cerebral palsy; DQ, developmental quotient; NA, not assessable; NS, not specified; NT, cases treated in normothermia; mo = months