Table 3.
Odds ratio (and 95% CI) of impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 concentration averaged over the corresponding time window before each visit.
| PM2.5 concentration | Participants n | Observations n | PM2.5 interquartile range (IQR) | Odds ratio (95% CI) of IFG per IQR increase in PM2.5 concentrations | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note: IFG is defined as a fasting blood glucose level > 100mg/dL and < 126 mg/dL. Results from GEE models accounting for correlation across multiple visits and adjusted for age, BMI, race, regular patterns of physical activity, smoking status, pack-years smoked, alcohol consumption, education level, statin use, temperature, and seasonality. Participants with diabetes were excluded. | |||||
| 1-day moving average | 551 | 1,152 | 5.73 μg/m3 | 1.13 (0.97, 1.33) | 0.12 |
| 7-day moving average | 551 | 1,152 | 4.25 μg/m3 | 1.27 (1.06, 1.52) | 0.01 |
| 28-day moving average | 551 | 1,152 | 3.12 μg/m3 | 1.32 (1.10, 1.58) | 0.003 |