Table 1.

Characteristics of the pregnant women and children (n = 223) in Taiwan Maternal and Infant Cohort Study, 2000–2001.

Characteristics	Female (n = 106) [mean ± SD or n (%)]	Male (n = 117) [mean ± SD or n (%)]
Maternal
Age at enrollment (years)
Mean ± SD	29.0 ± 4.6	28.9 ± 4.0
No. of missing	1	1
Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2)
Mean ± SD	20.9 ± 3.2	20.7 ± 3.1
No. of missing	6	5
Weight gain during pregnancy (kg)
Mean ± SD	11.3 ± 5.6	12.3 ± 5.9
No. of missing	60	64
Previous live birth ≥ 1 [n (%)]	52 (49)	55 (47)
Education [n (%)]
< High school	7 (7)	4 (3)
High school	46 (43)	48 (42)
Part or full college	34 (32)	44 (38)
> College	19 (18)	19 (17)
No. of missing	1	1
Annual family income (US$) [n (%)]
< 20,000	40 (38)	48 (42)
≥ 20,000	65 (62)	66 (58)
No. of missing	1	3
Smoking during pregnancy [n (%)]	2 (2)	1 (1)
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy [n (%)]	1 (1)	4 (3)
Children
Gestational weeks at birth [median (range)]	39 (37–42)	39 (37–42)
Birth weight (kg) (mean ± SD)	3.0 ± 0.4	3.2 ± 0.4
Birth length (cm) (mean ± SD)	51.0 ± 2.2	51.9 ± 2.2
Birth head circumference (cm) (mean ± SD)	33.2 ± 1.4	33.7 ± 1.3
SGA [n (%)]	18 (18)	17 (15)
Weight (kg) (mean ± SD)
2 years	12.6 ± 1.7	13.5 ± 2.0
5 years	19.9 ± 3.7	20.6 ± 3.5
8 years	27.9 ± 6.1	29.5 ± 6.3
11 years	40.2 ± 10.1	44.3 ± 11.0
Height (cm) (mean ± SD)
2 years	87.3 ± 3.1	88.8 ± 4.3
5 years	110.1 ± 4.2	111.0 ± 5.2
8 years	129.8 ± 4.9	130.0 ± 5.8
11 years	147.9 ± 6.8	146.8 ± 7.0
Weight z-score (mean ± SD)
At birth	–0.5 ± 1.1	–0.1 ± 0.7
2 years	0.1 ± 1.3	0.5 ± 1.3
5 years	0.3 ± 1.8	0.8 ± 1.8
8 years	0.6 ± 2.2	1.2 ± 2.2
11 years	0.3 ± 2.0	1.7 ± 2.0
Height z-score (mean ± SD)
At birth	1.2 ± 1.4	1.2 ± 1.4
2 years	–0.8 ± 1.0	–0.7 ± 1.3
5 years	–0.4 ± 1.0	–0.2 ± 1.0
8 years	0.5 ± 1.1	0.5 ± 1.2
11 years	0.3 ± 1.1	0.6 ± 1.2