Table 2.
Descriptive analysis of all study patients with bacteriuria.
| Total | Hospital A | Hospital B | Hospital C | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # Patients with bacteriuria | 300 | 100 | 100 | 100 | |
|
| |||||
| Age (years), median (range) | 66 (19– 104) | 79 (34– 99) | 57 (24– 91) | 70 (19– 104) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||
| Age >65 years | 156 (52%) | 72 (72%) | 24 (24%) | 60 (60%) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||
| Female gender | 199 (66%) | 71 (71%) | 57 (57%) | 71 (71%) | 0.06 |
|
| |||||
| ICU patients | 49 (16%) | 15 (15%) | 9 (9%) | 25 (25%) | 0.008 |
|
| |||||
| Surgical patients | 43 (14%) | 10 (10%) | 33 (33%) | 0 (0%) | 0.001 |
|
| |||||
| Catheterized patients | 67 (22%) | 15 (15%) | 33 (33%) | 19 (19%) | 0.006 |
|
| |||||
| Admission-onset bacteriuria | 225 (75%) | 87 (87%) | 46 (46%) | 92 (92%) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||
| Multi-drug resistant pathogens on urine culture | 39 (13%) | 7 (7%) | 17 (17%) | 15 (15%) | 0.08 |
|
| |||||
| Patients receiving treatment for non-UTI infection at day 1 | 133 (44%) | 38 (38%) | 42 (42%) | 53 (53%) | 0.09 |
|
| |||||
| Participation of infectious diseases specialist | 36 (12%) | 29 (29%) | 3 (3%) | 4 (4%) | <0.0001 |
|
| |||||
| Patients with symptomatic UTI by IDSA criteria | 88 (29%) | 31 (31%) | 23 (23%) | 34 (34%) | 0.21 |
|
| |||||
| Patients with symptomatic UTI by NHSN criteria | 87 (29%) | 34 (34%) | 35 (35%) | 18 (18%) | 0.01 |
|
| |||||
| Treatment for ASB (IDSA criteria) at day 1, n = 164 | 62 (38%)* | 25 (51%)* | 25 (36%)* | 12 (26%)* | 0.04 |
|
| |||||
| Treatment for ASB (IDSA criteria) at day 4, n = 120 | 51 (42%)* | 19 (49%)* | 19 (38%)* | 13 (42%)* | 0.02 |
|
| |||||
| Broad-spectrum antibiotic use** | 158 (53%) | 62 (62%) | 42 (42%) | 54 (54%) | 0.02 |
| --Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations | 27 | 15 | 0 | 12 | 0.0005 |
| --Fluoroquinolones | 33 | 16 | 1 | 16 | 0.0005 |
| --3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins | 89 | 27 | 38 | 24 | 0.07 |
| --Fosfomycin | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.33 |
| --Carbapenems | 11 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 0.64 |
Data are number (%) unless otherwise indicated.
*
Percentage represents proportion of ASB patients who received antibiotic therapy, excluding those on concurrent treatment for both UTI and non-UTI indications.
**
Broad-spectrum antibiotic use refers to receipt of beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, fluoroquinolones, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, fosfomycin, or carbapenems, for any indication during the study period. SD, standard deviation; ICU, intensive care unit; UTI, urinary tract infection; UTI, urinary tract infection; IDSA, Infectious Disease Society of America; NHSN, National Healthcare Safety Network; ASB, asymptomatic bacteriuria.