Table 5.
Effect of seed soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on contents of organic acids in Brassica juncea seedlings grown under imidacloprid (IMI) toxicity.
| Treatments | Fumarate (mg/g DW) | Succinate (mg/g DW) | Malate (mg/g DW) | Citrate (mg/g DW) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMI (mg/L) | 24-EBR (nM) | ||||||
| 0 | 0 | 0.3709d±0.0006 | 0.85d±0.01 | 1.39c±0.06 | 3.21c±0.45 | ||
| 0 | 100 | 0.3746bcd±0.0003 | 0.96bc±0.04 | 1.47c±0.08 | 3.86bc±0.12 | ||
| 150 | 0 | 0.3727cd±0.0032 | 0.94bcd±0.05 | 2.81bc±0.31 | 3.81bc±0.31 | ||
| 150 | 100 | 0.3765bc±0.0030 | 1.00ab±0.04 | 5.94a±1.77 | 4.32b±0.31 | ||
| 200 | 0 | 0.3757bcd±0.0012 | 0.97b±0.02 | 2.82bc±0.05 | 4.37b±0.21 | ||
| 200 | 100 | 0.3832a±0.0019 | 1.08a±0.04 | 5.91a±1.03 | 5.26a±0.51 | ||
| 250 | 0 | 0.3782b±0.0008 | 0.86d±0.03 | 3.29bc±0.07 | 3.40c±0.08 | ||
| 250 | 100 | 0.3784ab±0.0002 | 0.88cd±0.02 | 4.59ab±0.46 | 3.80bc±0.29 | ||
| TWO-WAY ANOVA | |||||||
| F-ratios & HSD | FIMI = 18.3*** | FIMI = 24.7*** | FIMI = 21.1*** | FIMI = 20.8*** | |||
| FEBR = 27.3*** | FEBR = 27.8*** | FEBR = 38.3*** | FEBR = 22.5*** | ||||
| FIMI × EBR = 4.09* | FIMI × EBR = 2.16 | FIMI × EBR = 5.84** | FIMI × EBR = 0.67 | ||||
| HSD = 0.005* | HSD = 0.089* | HSD = 2.13* | HSD = 0.85* | ||||
| Multiple linear regression equation | β regression coefficients | MLR | ANN | ||||
| βIMI | βEBR | βIMI × EBR | r | r (validation) | |||
| Fumarate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 0.37 + 3 × 10−5 X1 + 5 × 10−5 X2 − 5 × 10−8 X1X2 | 0.6722 | 0.5846 | −0.1166 | 0.7947*** | 0.4726*** | ||
| Succinate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 0.87 + 0.0002 X1 + 0.0011 X2 − 2 × 10−6 X1X2 | 0.2256 | 0.6938 | −0.2975 | 0.4983* | 0.8787*** | ||
| Malate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 1.46 + 0.0075 X1 + 0.0073 X2 + 8 × 10−5 X1X2 | 0.3906 | 0.2050 | 0.4349 | 0.8234*** | 0.9633*** | ||
| Citrate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 3.36 + 0.0022 X1 + 0.0067 X2 − 4 × 10−6 X1X2 | 0.3155 | 0.5119 | −0.0589 | 0.5499** | 0.9236*** | ||
Treatments with same superscripts indicates no significant difference at p < 0.05.
*, **, and ***
indicate significant at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 respectively. r, correlation coefficient; X1, IMI; X2, EBR. Data are mean ± standard deviation (three biological replicates), two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, multiple linear regression analysis and and artificial neural networks (ANN).