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. 2016 Nov 2;7:1569. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01569

Table 5.

Effect of seed soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) on contents of organic acids in Brassica juncea seedlings grown under imidacloprid (IMI) toxicity.

Treatments Fumarate (mg/g DW) Succinate (mg/g DW) Malate (mg/g DW) Citrate (mg/g DW)
IMI (mg/L) 24-EBR (nM)
0 0 0.3709d±0.0006 0.85d±0.01 1.39c±0.06 3.21c±0.45
0 100 0.3746bcd±0.0003 0.96bc±0.04 1.47c±0.08 3.86bc±0.12
150 0 0.3727cd±0.0032 0.94bcd±0.05 2.81bc±0.31 3.81bc±0.31
150 100 0.3765bc±0.0030 1.00ab±0.04 5.94a±1.77 4.32b±0.31
200 0 0.3757bcd±0.0012 0.97b±0.02 2.82bc±0.05 4.37b±0.21
200 100 0.3832a±0.0019 1.08a±0.04 5.91a±1.03 5.26a±0.51
250 0 0.3782b±0.0008 0.86d±0.03 3.29bc±0.07 3.40c±0.08
250 100 0.3784ab±0.0002 0.88cd±0.02 4.59ab±0.46 3.80bc±0.29
TWO-WAY ANOVA
F-ratios & HSD FIMI = 18.3*** FIMI = 24.7*** FIMI = 21.1*** FIMI = 20.8***
FEBR = 27.3*** FEBR = 27.8*** FEBR = 38.3*** FEBR = 22.5***
FIMI × EBR = 4.09* FIMI × EBR = 2.16 FIMI × EBR = 5.84** FIMI × EBR = 0.67
HSD = 0.005* HSD = 0.089* HSD = 2.13* HSD = 0.85*
Multiple linear regression equation β regression coefficients MLR ANN
βIMI βEBR βIMI × EBR r r (validation)
Fumarate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 0.37 + 3 × 10−5 X1 + 5 × 10−5 X2 − 5 × 10−8 X1X2 0.6722 0.5846 −0.1166 0.7947*** 0.4726***
Succinate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 0.87 + 0.0002 X1 + 0.0011 X2 − 2 × 10−6 X1X2 0.2256 0.6938 −0.2975 0.4983* 0.8787***
Malate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 1.46 + 0.0075 X1 + 0.0073 X2 + 8 × 10−5 X1X2 0.3906 0.2050 0.4349 0.8234*** 0.9633***
Citrate (mg/g dr. wt.) = 3.36 + 0.0022 X1 + 0.0067 X2 − 4 × 10−6 X1X2 0.3155 0.5119 −0.0589 0.5499** 0.9236***

Treatments with same superscripts indicates no significant difference at p < 0.05.

*, **, and ***

indicate significant at p < 0.05, p < 0.01, and p < 0.001 respectively. r, correlation coefficient; X1, IMI; X2, EBR. Data are mean ± standard deviation (three biological replicates), two-way ANOVA, Tukey's HSD, multiple linear regression analysis and and artificial neural networks (ANN).