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Schematic diagram for the possible mechanisms of the cardioprotection of resveratrol in diabetic cardiomyopathy. By binding to RAGE or TLRs, HMGB 1 stimulates ROS production and activation of NF-κB, which triggers inflammation and fibrosis in diabetic hearts. Increased ROS production and inflammation may be responsible for upregulated HMGB 1 with a positive feedback. Treatment with resveratrol attenuates genesis of ROS and HMGB 1 to prevent cardiac dysfunction in diabetes.
