Figure 7.

Optical micrographs showing fiber deposition onto a moving target without (a)–(c) and with (d)–(f) auxiliary electrodes at various surface speeds: (a), (d) 0.9 m s⁻¹; (b), (e) 2.7 m s⁻¹; (c), (f) 4.5 m s⁻¹. The bending instability diminishes when the auxiliary electric gradient field (d)–(f) is applied. The insets in (a)–(e) are scanning electron micrographs showing a magnification of the particular buckling of the deposited fibers. Buckling instabilities are not present when using auxiliary electrodes at a surface velocity of 4.5 m s⁻¹ (f). The scale bar corresponds to 200 μm (a)–(f).