Table 2. Prevalence (%) of adults with concurrent hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and hypertension in the United States from 1999 to 2012.
| Prevalence as percentage (95% confidence interval) | P for trend2 | P for slopes between subgroups | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999–2010 (N = 3, 847)1 | 2001–2002 (N = 4, 303) | 2003–2004 (N = 4, 143) | 2005–2006 (N = 4, 082) | 2007–2008 (N = 5, 204) | 2009–2010 (N = 5, 547) | 2011–2012 (N = 4, 815) | ||||
| Overall | 3.0 (2.3, 3.8) | 3.5 (2.9, 4.1) | 4.8 (4, 5.7) | 4.6 (3.8, 5.4) | 5.5 (4.6, 6.4) | 6.0 (5.3, 6.6) | 6.3 (5.3, 7.3) | <0.001 | ||
| Gender | Male | 2.8 (1.6, 4.1) | 3.2 (2.3, 4) | 4.4 (3.3, 5.5) | 3.9 (3.1, 4.7) | 5.0 (4, 6) | 5.9 (4.9, 7) | 6.4 (5.2, 7.7) | <0.001 | 0.145 |
| Female | 3.2 (2.5, 4) | 3.9 (3.2, 4.6) | 5.3 (4.4, 6.2) | 5.3 (4.1, 6.5) | 6.0 (4.4, 7.5) | 6.0 (5, 7) | 6.2 (4.9, 7.4) | <0.001 | ||
| Age (years) | [20, 40] | 0.3 (–0.3, 1) | 0.3 (–0.2, 0.9) | 0.4 (0.1, 0.7) | 0.6 (0.2, 0.9) | 0.7 (0.3, 1.2) | 0.5 (0.2, 0.8) | 0.3 (0, 0.7) | 0.490 | 0.693 |
| [40, 60] | 2.8 (1.6, 4) | 3.2 (2, 4.3) | 4.6 (3.7, 5.5) | 4.1 (2.9, 5.4) | 5.9 (4.8, 7.1) | 5.4 (4.2, 6.6) | 5.8 (3.9, 7.7) | 0.003 | ||
| 60+ | 8.5 (7.2, 9.9) | 10 (8.8, 11.3) | 12.4 (10, 14.8) | 11.5 (10, 13) | 11.8 (9.2, 14.4) | 14.3 (12.8, 15.7) | 14.7 (12.7, 16.7) | <0.001 | ||
| Race / Ethnicity | Mexican American | 3.3 (2.2, 4.3) | 3.1 (2.2, 3.9) | 3.7 (2.3, 5.1) | 4.7 (2.4, 7.1) | 4.8 (3.3, 6.3) | 6.7 (4.4, 8.9) | 6.1 (2.5, 9.7) | 0.020 | 0.837 |
| Other Hispanic | 2.9 (0.6, 5.1) | 4.0 (1, 6.9) | 5.1 (–2.8, 13.1) | 5.4 (0.9, 9.9) | 5.1 (3.7, 6.4) | 6.0 (3, 8.9) | 6.6 (4.9, 8.3) | 0.220 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 2.7 (1.7, 3.7) | 3.1 (2.6, 3.6) | 4.5 (3.6, 5.4) | 4.0 (3.2, 4.9) | 4.8 (3.6, 6.1) | 5.3 (4.4, 6.1) | 5.6 (4.4, 6.8) | <0.001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 5.5 (3.8, 7.2) | 6.6 (4.4, 8.8) | 6.4 (5, 7.8) | 7.9 (5.4, 10.5) | 11.2 (8.8, 13.7) | 10.6 (8.5, 12.8) | 10.2 (8.3, 12.1) | <0.000 | ||
| Other | 2.6 (0, 5.1) | 4.2 (–0.5, 8.9) | 8.5 (3, 13.9) | 5.2 (1.5, 8.8) | 5 (1.7, 8.4) | 5.2 (2.5, 7.9) | 7.3 (3.3, 11.3) | 0.450 | ||
| Education level | <High school | 6.7 (5, 8.4) | 6.6 (4.3, 8.9) | 7.8 (5.2, 10.4) | 6.6 (4.9, 8.3) | 8.7 (7.2, 10.2) | 10.1 (8.6, 11.5) | 9.5 (6.1, 12.8) | 0.060 | 0.195 |
| High school | 2.4 (1.4, 3.5) | 4.1 (2.9, 5.4) | 5.3 (3.8, 6.8) | 6.1 (4.4, 7.9) | 6.5 (4.2, 8.9) | 5.5 (4, 7.1) | 7.4 (4.9, 10) | 0.010 | ||
| >High school | 1.6 (0.5, 2.6) | 2.2 (1.5, 3) | 3.7 (2.9, 4.4) | 3.4 (2.4, 4.3) | 3.9 (3.1,. 4.7) | 4.8 (3.7, 6) | 5.1 (3.7, 6.6) | <0.001 | ||
| Income to poverty ratio | ≤1.3 | 4.0 (2.7, 5.4) | 5.2 (3.7, 6.7) | 6.2 (4.6, 7.9) | 7.6 (4.7, 10.4) | 7.2 (6, 8.5) | 6.6 (4.8, 8.3) | 7.6 (5, 10.2) | 0.006 | 0.311 |
| 1.3–3.5 | 3.6 (2.1, 5.1) | 3.8 (2.9, 4.7) | 4.9 (3.5, 6.3) | 5.1 (3.7, 6.5) | 6.7 (5.7, 7.6) | 7.5 (6.1, 9) | 7.6 (5.9, 9.3) | <0.001 | ||
| >3.5 | 1.7 (0.6, 2.8) | 2.5 (1.7, 3.4) | 3.8 (2.5, 5.1) | 2.9 (1.9, 3.8) | 4.0 (3, 5) | 4.3 (2.9, 5.6) | 4.5 (2.3, 6.7) | 0.060 | ||
| Marital status | Married/living with partner | 3.1 (1.9, 4.2) | 3.1 (2.2, 4) | 4.4 (3.5, 5.3) | 4.2 (3.3, 5.2) | 5.3 (4.1, 6.4) | 5.5 (4.6, 6.5) | 5.9 (4.8, 6.9) | <0.001 | 0.808 |
| Other | 2.5 (1.7, 3.3) | 4.3 (3, 5.5) | 5.7 (4.4, 7.1) | 5.4 (4.2, 6.5) | 6.0 (4.8, 7.1) | 6.5 (5.6, 7.5) | 7.0 (5.3, 8.6) | <0.001 | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | <25 | 0.6 (0.1, 1.1) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.5) | 1.5 (1, 2) | 1.5 (0.8, 2.1) | 2.2 (1.3, 3.1) | 1.2 (0.7, 1.7) | 2.2 (1.2, 3.2) | 0.003 | <0.001 |
| 25–29 | 3.0 (2.1, 3.8) | 3.4 (2.6, 4.3) | 4.1 (2.4, 5.8) | 3.9 (2.4, 5.4) | 3.2 (2.3, 4.1) | 3.7 (2.7, 4.8) | 3.8 (3, 4.5) | 0.640 | ||
| 30+ | 5.6 (4.1, 7) | 5.9 (4.4, 7.3) | 9.1 (7.1, 11.2) | 8.1 (6.6, 9.6) | 10.9 (8.9, 12.9) | 11.8 (10.1, 13.5) | 11.9 (9.5, 14.3) | <0.001 | ||
Note: Data are presented as percentages (95% confidence interval), unless otherwise indicated. 1N is the overall sample size; 2The overall P-value was adjusted for all characteristics and the P-value for each subgroup was adjusted for the rest of the characteristics.