Table 5.
HR-pQCT Bone Variables’ Association With Fragility Fractures
| Bone variables | Unadjusted
|
Age-adjusted
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (CI) per SD | OR (CI) per LSC | OR (CI) per SEE | OR (CI) per SD | OR (CI) per LSC | OR (CI) per SEE | |
| Radius variable | ||||||
| BV/TV (fraction) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.46) | 0.98 (0.90, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.95, 1.04) | 0.85 (0.52, 1.41) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) |
| Tb.Sp MI (mm) | 0.88 (0.54, 1.42) | 1.07 (0.84, 1.37) | 1.03 (0.92, 1.15) | 0.78 (0.46, 1.31) | 1.13 (0.87, 1.48) | 1.06 (0.94, 1.19) |
| Tb.Th MI (mm) | 0.97 (0.59, 1.57) | 0.97 (0.64, 1.47) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.19) | 0.99 (0.60, 1.65) | 0.99 (0.64, 1.53) | 1.00 (0.82, 1.21) |
| Tb.N (no./mm) | 0.87 (0.54, 1.42) | 0.88 (0.55, 1.40) | 0.94 (0.76, 1.17) | 0.78 (0.47, 1.31) | 0.79 (0.48, 1.29) | 0.90 (0.71, 1.13) |
| Ct.Th (mm) | 1.85 (1.08, 3.17) | 1.45 (1.05, 2.00) | 1.10 (1.01, 1.20) | 1.74 (1.00, 3.04) | 1.40 (1.00, 1.95) | 1.09 (1.00, 1.20) |
| vBMDi (mg/cm3) | 1.42 (0.86, 2.36) | 1.13 (0.95, 1.35) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 1.33 (0.79, 2.25) | 1.10 (0.92, 1.33) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) |
| vBMDc (mg/cm3) | 1.86 (1.06, 3.26) | 1.42 (1.03, 1.96) | 1.12 (1.01, 1.25) | 1.74 (0.97, 3.12) | 1.37 (0.98, 1.91) | 1.11 (0.99, 1.24) |
| vBMDtr (mg/cm3) | 0.90 (0.56, 1.47) | 0.98 (0.89, 1.08) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 0.86 (0.52, 1.42) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.07) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.04) |
| Tibia variable | ||||||
| BV/TV (fraction) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.46) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.03) | 0.84 (0.51, 1.39) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 0.99 (0.96, 1.02) |
| Tb.Sp MI (mm) | 0.97 (0.60, 1.57) | 1.02 (0.80, 1.29) | 1.01 (0.91, 1.11) | 0.89 (0.54, 1.46) | 1.06 (0.83, 1.35) | 1.02 (0.93, 1.13) |
| Tb.Th MI (mm) | 1.22 (0.74, 2.01) | 1.23 (0.73, 2.08) | 1.10 (0.86, 1.41) | 1.26 (0.75, 2.13) | 1.28 (0.74, 2.21) | 1.12 (0.87, 1.45) |
| Tb.N (no./mm) | 0.87 (0.54, 1.42) | 0.86 (0.51, 1.46) | 0.93 (0.73, 1.19) | 0.78 (0.47, 1.30) | 0.76 (0.44, 1.33) | 0.88 (0.68, 1.14) |
| Ct.Th (mm) | 1.72 (0.99, 2.97) | 1.13 (1.00, 1.27) | 1.06 (1.00, 1.11) | 1.60 (0.90, 2.84) | 1.11 (0.98, 1.26) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) |
| vBMDi (mg/cm3) | 1.31 (0.78, 2.20) | 1.03 (0.98, 1.08) | 1.01 (0.99, 1.04) | 1.20 (0.69, 2.06) | 1.02 (0.97, 1.07) | 1.01 (0.98, 1.03) |
| vBMDc (mg/cm3) | 3.28 (1.16, 9.34) | 1.18 (1.02, 1.37) | 1.09 (1.01, 1.18) | 3.05 (0.99, 9.39) | 1.17 (1.00, 1.37) | 1.09 (1.00, 1.18) |
| vBMDtr (mg/cm3) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.46) | 0.99 (0.94, 1.04) | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 0.84 (0.51, 1.39) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.03) | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) |
Note: Magnitude of odds for fragility fractures associated with each SD, LSC, or SEE increase (+) or decrease (−) in radius (top) and tibia (bottom) bone variables obtained from HR-pQCT images was determined with a binary logistic regression model. Models were examined with and without adjusting for age. CI = 95% CI (lower, upper). Bold indicates significant statistic at p < 0.05.
Abbr: Ct.Th, cortical thickness; BV/TV, bone volume/total volume; CI, confidence interval; LSC, least significant change; MI, Model-Independent; OR, odds ratio; pQCT, peripheral quantitative computed tomography; SD, standard deviation; SEE, standard error of the estimate; Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular spacing; Tb.Th, trabecular thickness; vBMDc, cortical volumetric bone mineral density; vBMDi, integral volumetric bone mineral density; vBMDtr, trabecular volumetric bone mineral density.