Table 2.

Multivariate models using ICU death as a dependent variable and sepsis definition and lactate as independent variables

	Lactate as a continuous variable		Lactate > 2 mmol/L		Lactate > 4 mmol/L
	OR (CI 95%)	P value	OR (CI 95%)	P value	OR (CI 95%)	P value
Sepsis-2 model
Sepsis	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference
Severe sepsis	1.06 (0.97–1.16)	0.322	1.03 (1.01–1.19)	0.500	1.04 (0.95–1.19)	0.342
Septic shock	1.34 (1.22–1.44)	<0.001	1.33 (1.22–1.45)	0.001	1.32 (1.21–1.43)	0.001
Lactate	1.02 (1.02–1.03)	0.001	1.07 (1.00–1.14)	0.027	1.21 (1.14–1.30)	0.001
Sepsis-3 model
No-dysfunction	1	Reference	1	Reference	1	Reference
Sepsis	1.21 (1.11–1.34)	<0.001	1.19 (1.08–1.32)	<0.001	1.21 (1.10–1.14)	<0.001
Septic shock	1.41 (1.28–1.56)	<0.001	1.49 (1.35–1.65)	<0.001	1.41 (1.28–1.56)	<0.001
Lactate	1.02 (1.01–1.03)	<0.001	0.97 (0.90–1.05)	0.466	1.19 (1.11–1.28)	<0.001

This analysis was performed using a binary logistic regression. The first model used lactate as a continuous variable (after logarithmic transformation in order to correct the positive skewness); the second and third models used lactate as a categorical variable

Lactate > 2 mmol/L represents all patients with lactate > 2 mmol/L, including those with lactate > 4 mmol/L