Table 1.
Comparisons of demographics, headache profiles, and psychological characteristics between study groups
| Characteristic | Migraine patients (N = 50) |
HCs (N = 20) |
P | Migraine phase groups | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inter-ictal (N = 22) |
Pre-ictal (N = 12) |
Ictal (N = 8) |
Post-ictal (N = 8) |
|||||
| Sex, F:M | 35:15 | 11:9 | 0.24 | 16:6 | 6:6 | 7:1 | 6:2 | 0.49 |
| Age, y | 36.0 ± 9.9 | 36.9 ± 6.7 | 0.63 | 33.0 ± 9.0 | 39.0 ± 7.5 | 40.0 ± 11.5 | 38.0 ± 12.4 | 0.27 |
| Migraine headache profile | ||||||||
| Disease duration, y | 16.0 ± 9.3 | N/A | N/A | 15.0 ± 8.1 | 16.0 ± 7.8 | 20.0 ± 9.6 | 16.0 ± 13.8 | 0.72 |
| Frequency, d/month. | 3.8 ± 1.3 | N/A | N/A | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 3.8 ± 1.3 | 3.6 ± 1.3 | 3.9 ± 1.0 | 0.81 |
| Pain severitya | 7.0 ± 1.9 | N/A | N/A | 8.0 ± 2.1 | 7.0 ± 1.8 | 8.0 ± 1.9 | 6.0 ± 1.7 | 0.42 |
| MIDAS scoreb | 16.3 ± 13.4 | N/A | N/A | 19.1 ± 16.6 | 17.8 ± 10.7 | 11.0 ± 11.8 | 15.7 ± 13.5 | 0.59 |
| Psychometric scores | ||||||||
| BDI | 8.7 ± 5.7 | N/A | N/A | 9.4 ± 6.1 | 7.7 ± 5.6 | 9.9 ± 5.3 | 7.9 ± 5.8 | 0.68 |
| HADS-A | 6.7 ± 3.7 | N/A | N/A | 7.6 ± 3.2 | 5.5 ± 3.4 | 6.6 ± 3.0 | 7.8 ± 5.7 | 0.41 |
| HADS-D | 4.6 ± 3.3 | N/A | N/A | 4.8 ± 3.4 | 3.6 ± 2.2 | 5.0 ± 2.8 | 4.2 ± 3.3 | 0.46 |
Abbreviations: BDI Beck Depression Inventory, F:M ratio of females to males, HADS-A Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Anxiety, HADS-D Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Depression, HC healthy controls, MIDAS Migraine Disability Assessment Scale. Of note, group differences in clinical profiles were analyzed by Student’s t-test (migraine patients vs. HCs) or one-way ANOVA (four phases of migraine patients) for continuous variables and chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables
a0–10 scale. b0–270 range