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Schematic overview of the generation of C18:0 ceramide and the supposed effect of IFN-β. Ceramides are produced de novo by serine and palmitoyl-CoA or by “salvage” pathways, with recycling of sphingomyelin or sphingosine-1-phosphate. IFN-β increased e.g., C18:0 ceramide and sphinganine-1-phosphate (with a C18-backbone) as indicated by the arrows in brackets. Accordingly, the de novo synthesis and/or the “salvage” pathway may be activated by IFN-β therapy as indicated by bold arrows.
