Table 2.
Baseline participant characteristics
| Characteristics | Intervention (n = 53) | Control (n = 66) | p a |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD or n (%) | Mean ± SD or n (%) | ||
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 66.8 ± 8.3 | 66.0 ± 8.1 | 0.276 |
| Relationship status | 0.809 | ||
| Married | 41 (78.8) | 47 (73.4) | |
| De facto or living with partner | 3 (5.8) | 6 (9.4) | |
| Separated, divorced, widowed, or not living with partner | 8 (15.4) | 11 (17.2) | |
| Highest level of education | 0.974 | ||
| Primary school | 3 (5.8) | 4 (6.3) | |
| Secondary school | 15 (28.8) | 17 (27.0) | |
| Certificate or diploma | 18 (34.6) | 24 (38.1) | |
| University degree | 16 (30.8) | 18 (28.6) | |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Stage of disease | 0.075 | ||
| Stage I | 19 (46.3) | 22 (36.7) | |
| Stage II | 11 (26.8) | 29 (48.3) | |
| Stage III | 11 (26.8) | 9 (15.0) | |
| Treatment regime | 0.347 | ||
| Surgery only | 18 (34.0) | 29 (43.9) | |
| Radiotherapy only | 5 (9.4) | 11 (16.7) | |
| Surgery and radiotherapy | 15 (28.3) | 16 (24.2) | |
| Radiotherapy and androgen deprivation therapy | 12 (22.6) | 8 (12.1) | |
| Surgery, radiotherapy, and androgen deprivation therapy | 3 (5.7) | 2 (3.0) | |
| Androgen deprivation therapy | |||
| No | 38 (71.7) | 56 (84.8) | 0.112 |
| Yes | 15 (28.3) | 10 (15.2) | |
| Weeks since active treatment | 25.3 ± 11.4 | 26.5 ± 9.4 | 0.586 |
| Health service type | |||
| Public | 39 (73.6) | 50 (75.8) | 0.834 |
| Private | 14 (26.4) | 16 (24.2) | |
| Physical function | |||
| 6-min walk distance (m) | 543.7 ± 81.8 | 551.7 ± 67.9 | 0.793 |
| Leg—1 repetition maximum (kg) | 126.1 ± 46.0 | 136.8 ± 42.7 | 0.181 |
| Chest—1 repetition maximum (kg) | 60.5 ± 22.8 | 60.0 ± 21.6 | 0.540 |
| 30-s sit-to-stand (n) | 14.2 ± 3.6 | 14.8 ± 4.1 | 0.395 |
| Reach distance (cm) | 36.4 ± 5.8 | 38.2 ± 7.8 | 0.331 |
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.5 ± 3.7 | 28.9 ± 4.0 | 0.510 |
| Chest circumference (cm) | 101.9 ± 7.7 | 102.4 ± 8.3 | 1.000 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 97.7 ± 9.9 | 98.3 ± 10.6 | 0.693 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 102.2 ± 6.5 | 103.1 ± 7.7 | 0.671 |
| Right thigh circumference (cm) | 47.9 ± 4.4 | 49.0 ± 4.7 | 0.365 |
| Left thigh circumference (cm) | 47.9 ± 4.2 | 48.6 ± 4.5 | 0.490 |
| Right arm circumference (cm) | 30.5 ± 2.9 | 30.8 ± 3.1 | 0.723 |
| Left arm circumference (cm) | 30.1 ± 3.2 | 30.5 ± 3.1 | 0.583 |
| Resting heart rate and blood pressure | |||
| Resting heart rate (beats/min) | 71.2 ± 10.9 | 72.0 ± 13.3 | 0.444 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134.6 ± 11.5 | 136.6 (11.9) | 0.942 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83.1 ± 8.5 | 84.5 ± 8.2 | 0.448 |
aFisher’s exact test for categorical variables, linear mixed model including intervention as fixed effect and clinician as random effect for continuous variables. No adjustments were made for multiplicity