Table 5.
Assessment | Variables | MDD | MDD% | Difference (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Development of mason bees | Nesting females (DAP 10–31) | 3.6–29.1 | 26.6–35.9 | +32.6 |
Nesting females (DAP 3–31) | 0.0–19.2 | 24.8–71.0 | +19.4 | |
Completed nesting holes | 0.0–22.0 | 53.7–64. 9 | +282.0 | |
Larval development | Undeveloped eggs | 4.1–6.6 | 74.1–78.9 | −74.8 |
Undeveloped larvae | 5.4–6.6 | 34.6–36.7 | −52.6 | |
Emergence | Emerged males | 0.0–62.6 | 31.2–39.5 | +6.1 ± 30.1 |
Emerged females | 0.1–22.4 | 27.5–34.0 | +21.0 ± 50.2 | |
Undeveloped pupae | 13.3–14.7 | 14.0–20.2 | −27.8 ± 47.2 | |
Undeveloped males | 10.2–10.3 | 19.9–25.6 | −19.2 ± 3.3 | |
Undeveloped females | 8.5–17.9 | 18.4–19.2 | −44.7 ± 101.5 |
Nesting blocks were either situated in a landscape with OSR fields treated with clothianidin seed dressing (test site) or untreated fields (reference site) and placed at the edge of the fields (edge) or ca. 100 m distant from the fields (distant). Study location ORC (reference site) was excluded from the evaluation as an outlier