Figure 5.

The gene expression profile of CCR4⁺ T_CM is different from that of Th₂-like cells. PBMC from healthy donors, as well as cells isolated before or after 1 or 12 months of ART from HIV-1-infected adults were stained with the “sorting” panel (Supplementary Table 1). Subsets of CD4⁺ T cells were sorted as indicated in Supplementary Figure 4 and their gene expression profiles determined by multi-parametric quantitative RT-PCR. (A) Th₂-associated and (B) other cytokine genes were compared in Th₂-like, CCR4⁺ T_CM, and Th₁-like cells isolated from healthy donors. CCR4⁺ T_CM from HIV-1⁺ patients after 1 month of ART were compared to their counterparts from healthy donors in respect to expression of (C) Th₂-associated or (D) other cytokine genes. (E) The expression profile of cytokine genes was investigated in nonnaïve cells. Relative expression in HIV-1-infected individuals before ART, after 1 month of ART, or 1 year of ART was compared to that in healthy donors. (F) The overall gene expression pattern of CCR4⁺ T_CM, CCR4⁺ T_CM⁻, CCR4⁻ T_CM, and CCR4⁻ T_CM⁻ cells was compared to that of Th₁- or Th₂-like cells sorted from healthy donors. Their calculated “Th-ness” is expressed as a point between those two extremes. Bar graphs show interquartile ranges, median bars, as well as individual data points. Statistically significant differences are indicated: *P < 0.01, **P < 0.001, ***P < 0.0001.