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. 2016 Nov 3;6:36418. doi: 10.1038/srep36418

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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FN is secreted as a disulfide-bonded homodimer, which is composed of three types of repeating modules (FNI, FNII and FNIII) numbered serially. Splice variants may additionally contain extra domains A (EDA) or B (EDB) and a variable region CS (connecting segment) (all in grey). FN has several binding domains for interaction partners in the ECM like collagen I (dark blue) or growth factors (orange). Each FN chain has three Hep binding regions (yellow) located at FNI_2-4, FNIII_4-6 and FNIII_12-14, respectively. The antiparallel, intermolecular interaction of FNI_1-5 and FNIII_1-5 is crucial for FN fibrillogenesis. The RGD binding site is located at FNIII₁₀ and is recognized by integrins α₅β₁, α_Vβ₁ and α_Vβ₃ (red and blue). Several intracellular processes are directly affected by integrins through cytoskeletal adapter (actin in green) and signaling molecules as FAK (focal adhesion kinase) and small GTPases as RhoA.