Table 2.
Specific production/consumption rate of S. cerevisiae CEN.PK 113–7D in the presence of weak acids at pH 5 under aerobic conditions. The flux analysis was performed for viable cells during exponential growth on glucose. The results were calculated from at least three biological replicates, and are given as the mean values ± standard deviation. N/A: not available.
| Specific production/ | Reference | Acetic acid | Formic acid | Levulinic acid | Cinnamic acid |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| consumption rate | (no stress) | (300 mM) | (220 mM) | (400 mM) | (0.8 mM) |
| O2 (mmol g−1 h−1) | 8.5 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.1 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 6.6 ± 0.3 |
| Glucose (mmol g−1 h−1) | 21.5 ± 0.1 | 7.9 ± 0.1 | 9.5 ± 0.2 | 8.1 ± 0.2 | 8.9 ± 0.1 |
| CO2 (mmol g−1 h−1) | 17.8 ± 0.4 | 11.4 ± 0.3 | 13.1 ± 0.2 | 9.2 ± 0.1 | 14.6 ± 0.2 |
| Ethanol (mmol g−1 h−1) | 28.0 ± 0.3 | 13.8 ± 0.2 | 14.8 ± 0.2 | 14.0 ± 0.2 | 15.6 ± 0.2 |
| Glycerol (mmol g−1 h−1) | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.0 |
| Acetate (mmol g−1 h−1) | 0.8 ± 0.0 | N/A | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.1 ± 0.0 | N/A |
| Pyruvate (mmol g−1 h−1) | 0.4 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.3 ± 0.0 | 0.07 ± 0.00 |
| Succinate (mmol g−1 h−1) | 0.06 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.00 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.00 |