Table 4.
Comparison between RIFLE and AKIN classifications in terms of incidence and categorization of AKI and its association with mortalitya
| Setting | Incidence and categorization of AKI (%) |
Mortality (%/relative risk) |
AUROC |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Design | RIFLE | AKIN | RIFLE | AKIN | RIFLE | AKIN | |
| ICU | ||||||||
| Bagshaw et al. [50] | 120.123 | Retrospective,multi-centre | AKI (any class) (36.1) R (16.2) I (13.6) F (6.3) |
AKI (any stage) (37.1) Stage 1 (18.1) Stage 2 (10.1) Stage 3 (8.9) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (8.9) AKI (any class) (24.2/3.3) R (17.9/2.2) I (27.7/3.9) F (33.2/5.1) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (8.5) AKI (any stage) (24.5/3.1) Stage 1 (18.5/2.1) Stage 2 (28.1/4.2) Stage 3 (32.6/5.7) |
0.660 | 0.670 |
| Lopes et al. [34] | 662 | Retrospective,single-centre | AKI (any class) (33.8) R (14.7) I (11) F (18.1) |
AKI (any stage) (50.4) Stage 1 (21.1) Stage 2 (10.1) Stage 3 (19.2) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (11) AKI (any class) (41.3/2.8) R (30.9/2.7) I (32.8/2.0) F (55/3.6) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (8.5) AKI (any stage) (39.8/3.6) Stage 1 (30.7/3.5) Stage 2 (32.8/2.7) Stage 3 (53.5/3.6) |
0.733 | 0.750 |
| Lassnigg et al. [51] | 7.241 | Prospective,multi-centre | AKI (any class) (3.0) R (2.2) I (0.6) F (0.2) |
AKI (any stage) (8.2) Stage 1 (6.4) Stage 2 (0.04) Stage 3 (1.8) |
30-day mortality No AKI (3.6) AKI (any class) (27.5/NS) R (29/NS) I (19/NS) F (33/NS) |
30-day mortality No AKI (2.8) AKI (any stage) (23.1/NS) Stage 1 (16.4/NS) Stage 2 (66.7/NS) Stage 3 (38.2/NS) |
NS | NS |
| Joannidis et al. [52] | 16.784 | Retrospective,multi-centre | AKI (any class) (35.5) R (7.6) I (11.1) F (16.8) |
AKI (any stage) (28.5) Stage 1 (7.5) Stage 2 (7.2) Stage 3 (13.8) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (13.6) AKI (any class)(36.5/ NS) R (29.2/1.4) I (32.3/1.9) F (42.6/3.0) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (15.9) AKI (any stage) (36.4/NS) Stage (1 34.5/2.0) Stage (2 29/1.9) Stage (3 41.2/3.0) |
NS | NS |
| Ostermmann et al. [53] | 41.172 | Retrospective,multi-centre | AKI (any class) (35.9) R (17.2) I (11) F (7.6) |
AKI (any stage) (35.4) Stage 1 (19.1) Stage 2 (3.8) Stage 3 (12.5) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (NS) AKI (any class) (36.1/NS) R (20.9/1.4) I (45.6/1.9) F (56.8/1.6) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (NS) AKI (any stage) (40.4/NS) Stage 1 (29.9/0.98) Stage 2 (35.8/1.1) Stage 3 (57.9/2.01) |
0.897 | 0.840 |
| Cardiac surgery | ||||||||
| Haase et al. [54] | 282 | Prospective,single-centre | AKI (any class) (45.80 R (30.1) I (12.1) F (3.5) |
AKI (any stage) (44.7) Stage 1 (33.7) Stage 2 (6.7) Stage 3 (4.3) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (0) AKI (any class) (4.7/NS) R (1.2/NS) I (8.8/NS) F (20/NS) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (0) AKI (any stage) (4.8/NS) Stage 1 (1.1/NS) Stage 2 (0/NS) Stage 3 (41.7/NS) |
0.910 | 0.940 |
| Englberger et al. [55] | 4.836 | Retrospective,single-centre | AKI (any class) (18.9) R (14.8) I (3.5) F (0.64) |
AKI (any stage) (26.3) Stage 1 (23.6) Stage 2 (1.2) Stage 3 (1.5) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (0.64) AKI (any class) (7/4.5) R (3.8/NS) I (18.3/NS) F (19.4/NS) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (0.53) AKI (any stage) (7.7/5.3) Stage 1 (2.6/NS) Stage 2 (12.3/NS) Stage 3 (44.6/NS) |
0.800 | 0.820 |
| Robert et al. [56] | 24.747 | Prospective,single-centre | AKI (any class) (31.2) R (21.7) I (5.9) F (3.6) |
AKI (any stage) (29.9) Stage 1 (22.9) Stage 2 (3.4) Stage 3 (3.6) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (1.4) AKI (any class) (9.8/NS) R (3.3/2.40) I (11.1/8.9) F (36.4/40.9) |
Hospital mortality No AKI (1.3) AKI (any stage) (9.1/NS) Stage 1 (4.1/3.2) Stage 2 (14.2/12.4) Stage 3 (36.8/43.8) |
0.780 | 0.790 |
aAKI, acute kidney injury; AUROC, area under the receiver operating characteristic; ICU, intensive care unit; RIFLE, Risk Injury Failure Loss of kidney function End-stage kidney disease; AKIN; Acute Kidney Injury Network; R, risk; I, injury; F, failure; NS, non-specified.