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. 2016 Nov 3;11(11):e0165869. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165869

Table 2. Positive ratio of TCS, cardiac MIBG scintigraphy and olfactory function tests in the PD and APS groups.

A) Total patients (n = 139)
Combinations of test results PD APS p-value PD diagnosis
option Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) PPV (%) NPV (%)
1 SN+ (≥0.16 cm2) 34 (53.1%) 2 (8.3%) <0.001 53.1 91.7 94.4 42.3
MIBG+ (≤2.0) 71 (70.3%) 5 (13.2%) <0.001 70.3 86.8 93.4 52.4
OE+ (≤4) 59 (58.4%) 9 (23.7%) <0.001 58.4 76.3 86.8 40.8
2 At least one positive result from 3 tests 87 (86.1%) 14 (36.8%) <0.001 86.1 63.2 86.1 63.2
3 At least two positive results from 3 tests 60 (59.4%) 2 (5.3%) <0.001 59.4 94.7 96.8 46.8
(SN or MIBG) and OE 52 (51.5%) 1 (2.6%) <0.001 51.5 97.4 98.1 43
(OE or MIBG) and SN 29 (45.3%) 1 (4.2%) <0.001 45.3 95.8 96.7 39.7
(OE or SN) and MIBG 56 (55.4%) 2 (5.3%) <0.001 55.4 94.7 96.6 44.4
4 Positive results for all 3 tests 17 (26.6%) 0 (0%) <0.001 26.6 100 100 33.8
B) Early-stage patients (n = 40)
Combinations of test results PD APS p-value PD diagnosis
option Sensitivity (%) Specificity (%) PPV (%) NPV (%)
1 SN+ (≥0.16 cm2) 12 (50.0%) 1 (6.3%) 0.004 50 93.8 92.3 55.6
MIBG+ (≤2.0) 24 (57.1%) 3 (12.5%) <0.001 57.1 87.5 88.9 53.8
OE+ (≤4) 23 (54.8%) 5 (20.8%) 0.007 54.8 79.2 82.1 50
2 At least one positive result from 3 tests 32 (76.2%) 8 (33.3%) 0.001 76.2 66.7 80 61.5
3 At least two positive results from 3 tests 21 (50%) 1 (4.2%) <0.001 50 95.8 95.5 52.3
(SN or MIBG) and OE 20 (47.6%) 0 (0%) <0.001 47.6 100 100 52.2
(OE or MIBG) and SN 9 (37.5%) 1 (6.3%) 0.025 37.5 93.8 90 50
(OE or SN) and MIBG 19 (45.2%) 1 (4.2%) <0.001 45.2 95.8 95 51.7
4 Positive results for all 3 tests 6 (25.0%) 0 (0%) 0.03 25 100 100 47.1

SN+ = substantia nigra hyperechogenicity positive; MIBG+ = cardiac MIBG scintigraphy positive; OE+ = olfactory testing positive