Table 2. Risk factors associated with death in leptospirosis patients.
| Bacterial load (log) a | Death b | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Univariate c | Multivariate d | Univariate e | Multivariate f | ||||
| β ± SE | P-value | β ± SE | P-value | β ± SE | P-value | β ± SE | P-value | |
| Days of Symptoms g | -0.2041 ± 0.1334 | 0.134 | -0.2404 ±0.1225 | 0.057 | -0.0493 ± 0.141 | 0.727 | 0.5269 ± 0.3077 | 0.087 |
| LL-37 (ng/mL) | -5.033E-3 ± 1.883E-3 | 0.011 | -5.395E-3 ± 1.832E-3 | 0.006 | -5.988E-3 ± 2.635E-3 | 0.023 | -4.663E-3 ± 3.085E-3 | 0.131 |
| IL-18 (pg/mL) | 2.028E-4 ± 4.389E-4 | 0.647 | - | - | 4.247E-3 ± 2.043E-3 | 0.038 | - | - |
| RANTES (pg/mL) | -1.994E-4 ± 1.563E-4 | 0.210 | - | - | -9.764E-4 ± 4.189E-4 | 0.020 | -1.345E-3 ± 6.540E-4 | 0.040 |
| CHI3L1 (pg/mL) | 3.697E-5 ± 1.466E-5 | 0.016 | - | - | 6.297E-5 ± 2.266E-5 | 0.005 | 6.590E-5 ± 2.787E-5 | 0.018 |
| HGF (pg/mL) | 4.901E-5 ± 5.917E-5 | 0.413 | - | - | 6.114E-3 ± 2.242E-3 | 0.006 | - | - |
a Number of Leptospira genome equivalents/mL whole blood was the outcome for the univariate and multivariate analyses.
b Death was the outcome for the univariate and multivariate analyses for acute, confirmed leptospirosis.
c Univariate linear regression of each variable predicting the number of Leptospira genome equivalents/mL whole blood.
d Final multivariate linear regression model (lowest AIC score using deletion method) predicting the number of Leptospira genome equivalents/mL of whole blood.
e Univariate logistic regression of each variable predicting death from acute leptospirosis.
f Final multivariate logistic regression model (lowest AIC score using deletion method). We excluded HGF due to nonlinearity of features.
g Days of symptoms prior to blood collection.