Table 2.
Number (percentage) of men with prostate cancer by selected characteristics in each study
| Study | Age at diagnosis, yr |
Date of diagnosis |
Years from blood collection to diagnosis |
Stage of disease† |
Aggressive disease§ |
Grade of disease‡ |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <60 | 60–69 | ≥70 | Before 1990 | 1990–1994 | 1995 Onwards | <5 | ≥5 | Localized | Advanced | No | Yes | Low | High | |
| ATBC | 27 (12.1) | 135 (60.3) | 62 (27.7) | 42 (18.8) | 182 (81.3) | 0 (0.0) | 81 (36.2) | 143 (63.8) | 125 (56.3) | 97 (43.7) | 110 (49.5) | 112 (50.5) | 187 (88.6) | 24 (11.4) |
| CARET | 49 (12.6) | 223 (57.3) | 117 (30.1) | 6 (1.5) | 128 (32.9) | 255 (65.6) | 318 (81.8) | 71 (18.3) | 218 (73.4) | 79 (26.6) | 261 (86.6) | 44 (14.4) | 299 (87.4) | 43 (12.6) |
| EPIC | 191 (15.4) | 725 (58.3) | 328 (26.4) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (0.5) | 1238 (99.5) | 499 (40.1) | 745 (59.9) | 670 (74.4) | 231 (25.6) | 740 (77.8) | 211 (22.2) | 870 (88.9) | 109 (11.1) |
| Janus | 1007 (33.6) | 1141 (38.0) | 852 (28.4) | 27 (0.9) | 184 (6.1) | 2789 (93.0) | 126 (4.2) | 2874 (95.8) | 1335 (72.4) | 509 (27.6) | 1543 (83.7) | 301 (16.3) | NA | NA |
| NSHDC | 105 (18.8) | 381 (68.0) | 74 (13.2) | 0 (0.0) | 20 (3.6) | 540 (96.4) | 165 (29.5) | 395 (70.5) | 442 (82.3) | 95 (17.7) | 480 (89.4) | 57 (10.6) | 441 (90.7) | 45 (9.3) |
| ProtecT | 433 (29.7) | 969 (66.5) | 56 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1458 (100.0) | 1458 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1211 (91.6) | 111 (8.4) | 1311 (99.2) | 11 (0.83) | 1381 (94.8) | 76 (5.2) |
ATBC = Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study; CARET = Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial; EPIC = European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; NA = data not available; NSHDC = Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study cohort; ProtecT = Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment Trial.
Stage of disease was unknown for some cases: n = 2 in ATBC, n = 92 in CARET, n = 343 in EPIC, n = 1156 in Janus, n = 23 in NSHDC, and n = 136 in ProtecT. Stage was localised if it was TNM stage T2 or lower and N0 or NX and M0, or equivalent (ie, a tumour that does not extend beyond the prostate capsule and with no lymph node involvement or distant metastases); advanced stage if it was T3 or T4 and/or N1+ and/or M1, or equivalent (ie, tumour extending beyond the prostate capsule with or without lymph node involvement and/or distant metastases), or unknown.
Grade of disease was unknown for all Janus cases and for some cases in other studies: n = 13 in ATBC, n = 47 in CARET, n = 265 in EPIC, n = 74 in NSHDC, and n = 1 in ProtecT. Prostate cancer was defined as low grade if the Gleason sum was <8 or equivalent (ie, extent of differentiation good, moderate, or poor), high grade if the Gleason sum was ≥8 or equivalent (ie, undifferentiated), or unknown.
Aggressive disease was unknown for n = 2 in ATBC, n = 84 in CARET, n = 293 in EPIC, n = 1156 in Janus, n = 23 in NSHDC, and n = 136 in ProtecT. Aggressive disease was categorized as no for TNM stage T0, T1, T2, or T3 with no reported lymph node involvement or metastases or equivalent, as yes for TNM stage T4 and/or N1+ and/or M1 and/or stage IV disease or death from prostate cancer, or as unknown.