Table 4.
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model for cardiovascular disease by levels of Lp(a)
| Variable | Hazard ratio (95% CI) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Lp(a) | ||||
| 1st Quartile | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2nd Quartile | 0.81 (0.51-1.31) | 0.77 (0.48-1.25) | 0.77 (0.48-1.25) | 0.81 (0.50-1.32) |
| 3rd Quartile | 1.50 (0.98-2.29) | 1.40 (0.91-2.15) | 1.38 (0.90-2.13) | 1.46 (0.95-2.25) |
| 4th Quartile | 2.00 (1.33-3.01) | 1.85 (1.22-2.80) | 1.74 (1.15-2.65) | 1.92 (1.26-2.92) |
| p for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for the following covariates: model 1 (sex, age); model 2 (model 1 + diabetes duration, hypertension, smoking, body mass index, mean glycated hemoglobin, and diabetic nephropathy); model 3 (model 2 + estimated glomerular filtration rate, Lp(a) corrected low density lipoprotein cholesterol); model 4 (model 3 + insulin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers, statin, and acetylsalicylic acid).
Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); CI, confidence interval.