Table 2.
Stratified Analyses for the Associations Between TSH and the Risk of All Stroke and Fatal Stroke
| All Strokea |
I2 | Fatal Strokeb |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events/Total Participants, n | Age- and Sex-Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable HR (95% CI)c | Events/Total Participants, n | Age- and Sex-Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable HR (95% CI)c | I2 | ||
| Total population TSH | 2271/34 853 | 0.78 (0.65, 0.95) | 0.76 (0.63, 0.91) | 0% | 907/43 333 | 0.83 (0.62, 1.09) | 0.78 (0.58, 1.07) | 0% |
| Sexd | ||||||||
| Men | 1091/16 723 | 0.80 (0.62, 1.07) | 0.78 (0.60, 1.02) | 0% | 422/21 874 | 0.85 (0.50, 1.41) | 0.85 (0.50, 1.35) | 0% |
| Women | 1180/18 130 | 0.78 (0.58, 1.07) | 0.75 (0.55, 1.02) | 25% | 485/21 459 | 0.80 (0.52, 1.25) | 0.80 (0.52, 1.22) | 12% |
| P for interaction | .90 | .85 | .86 | .85 | ||||
| Age, ye | ||||||||
| 18–49 | 60/8305 | 0.95 (0.31, 2.86) | 1.45 (0.37, 4.17) | 0% | 12/9525 | 0.71 (0.07, 7.47) | 1.14 (0.06, 23.85) | 0% |
| 50–64 | 358/9145 | 0.75 (0.47, 1.19) | 0.75 (0.47, 1.22) | 0% | 104/12 303 | 1.35 (0.55, 3.25) | 1.22 (0.48, 3.16) | 0% |
| 65–79 | 1588/15 667 | 0.83 (0.67, 1.05) | 0.80 (0.63, 1.00) | 0% | 623/19 198 | 0.89 (0.62, 1.27) | 0.95 (0.85, 1.09) | 0% |
| ≥80 | 265/1736 | 0.69 (0.40, 1.17) | 0.63 (0.36, 1.09) | 0% | 168/2307 | 0.43 (0.22, 0.85) | 0.36 (0.17, 0.78) | 0% |
| P for trend | .66 | .28 | .61 | .43 | ||||
| Stroke historyf | ||||||||
| No | 1875/31 626 | 0.78 (0.63, 0.98) | 0.75 (0.60, 0.93) | 0% | 710/36 222 | 0.71 (0.47, 1.07) | 0.71 (0.47, 1.05) | 24% |
| Yes | 206/1266 | 1.00 (0.53, 1.83) | 1.14 (0.60, 2.20) | 0% | 92/1440 | 0.83 (0.26, 2.50) | 1.58 (0.47, 5.27) | 20% |
| P for interaction | .47 | .23 | .80 | .22 | ||||
| Stroke typeg | ||||||||
| Hemorrhagic | 129/11 192 | 0.47 (0.26, 0.83) | 0.47 (0.25, 0.89) | 5% | 87/11 192 | 0.38 (0.14, 1.07) | 0.37 (0.12, 1.12) | 27% |
| Ischemic | 817/11 192 | 0.71 (0.50, 1.00) | 0.69 (0.48,0.98) | 0% | 182/11 192 | 0.69 (0.34, 1.35) | 0.78 (0.33–1.80) | 0% |
| P for interaction | .24 | .30 | .34 | .30 | ||||
| Raceh | ||||||||
| White | 1430/19 037 | 0.76 (0.60, 0.95) | 0.73 (0.58, 0.91) | 0% | 520/23 213 | 0.71 (0.48, 1.02) | 0.67 (0.47 1.00) | 0% |
| Asian | NA | NA | NA | 63/3230 | 0.48 (0.06, 11.22) | 0.62 (0.10, 3.97) | 41% | |
| Black | 150/1090 | 0.85 (0.26, 2.78) | 0.91 (0.41, 1.99) | 47% | 59/1055 | 0.95 (0.30, 3.12) | 0.89 (0.26, 2.91) | 0% |
| P for interaction | .88 | .60 | .83 | .91 | ||||
The HRs are across the reference range of TSH in milliinternational units per liter (0.45–4.49).
Data were available from 12 studies, and 393 participants were excluded due to missing stroke event data.
265 Participants were excluded due to missing data on cause of death.
Adjusted for sex, age, systolic BP, total cholesterol, smoking, and prevalent diabetes at baseline. The Birmingham Study was excluded in this analysis because of lack of data on cardiovascular risk factors.
These analyses were not adjusted for sex.
These HRs were adjusted for sex and age as continuous variable to avoid residual confounding within age strata.
Information on history of stroke was not available for the Pisa cohort, Birmingham Study, and Busselton Health Study. Data concerning history of stroke were missing for 64 participants in total.
Information on type of stroke was available for the Cardiovascular Health Study, Health ABC Study, PROSPER, and the Rotterdam Study.
Information on race was not available for the 4D study, Birmingham study, Busselton Health Study, and EPIC-Norfolk Study. Ninety-six participants from Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study were excluded due to no events in subgroup.