Table 1.
Baseline Clinical Characteristics of Participants Included in the Study
| Characteristic | Linagliptin | Placebo | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 19 | 21 | |
| Age, y | 60.79 ± 5.75 | 56.76 ± 6.79 | .1 |
| Men | 12 (63.16%) | 11 (52.38%) | .49 |
| Diabetes duration, y | 10.15 ± 7.56 | 12.14 ± 7.30 | .4 |
| Weight, kg | 95.22 ± 20.75 | 100.57 ± 21.06 | .42 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 32.40 ± 4.87 | 36.12 ± 9.19 | .14 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 111.50 ± 11.34 | 116.31 ± 16.71 | .31 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 136.53 ± 14.92 | 134.67 ± 19.65 | .74 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 75.89 ± 12.26 | 75.95 ± 13.96 | .99 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 131.21 ± 30.19 | 126.62 ± 39.28 | .68 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.08 ± 0.82 | 7.16 ± 0.78 | .76 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 146.37 ± 30.65 | 159.29 ± 38.84 | .25 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 80.21 ± 26.29 | 81.90 ± 22.36 | .83 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 46.89 ± 10.35 | 50.71 ± 14.37 | .34 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 96.42 ± 38.69 | 125.90 ± 85.30 | .18 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.87 ± 0.20 | 0.91 ± 0.22 | .55 |
| Microalbumin/creatinine ratio, mg/g creatinine | 26.45 ± 30.80 | 19.64 ± 15.21 | .37 |
| Insulinemia, μIU/mL | 38.29 ± 102.63 | 13.05 ± 6.49 | .27 |
| Diabetes treatment | |||
| Insulin | 4 (21.05%) | 8 (38.1%) | .24 |
| Metformin | 16 (84.21%) | 20 (95.24%) | .25 |
| Sulfonylureas | 5 (26.32%) | 6 (28.57%) | .87 |
| ACEi | 11 (57.9%) | 6 (28.57%) | .06 |
| ARBs | 2 (10.5%) | 1 (4.8%) | .60 |
| Statins | 11 (57.9%) | 13 (61.9%) | .80 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; ACEi, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%).