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. 2016 Nov 4;6:36468. doi: 10.1038/srep36468

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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(a) Wild-type and Slc22a14^−/− cauda epididymal spermatozoa were incubated for 30 min in media with varying osmolality and the percentages of spermatozoa with abnormal tails were quantified (upper panel). Representative photographs of sperm after incubation in each condition are shown in the lower panel. (b) Effect of membrane permeabilisation on flagellar angulation. Wild-type and Slc22a14^−/− spermatozoa were incubated in media with the indicated osmolality for 30 min followed by a treatment with or without 1% Triton X-100 for 1 min. Sperm with abnormal tails were counted (upper panel). Representative photographs of sperm with or without permeabilisation are shown in the lower panel. All data are presented as average ± SE (n = 3). Bar, 20 μm.