Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics (% or mean (SD)) of the sample included in the analysis by site
| BGD | BRF | INV | NEB | PEL | PKN | SAV | TZH | All sites | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 241 | 209 | 234 | 234 | 268 | 263 | 259 | 249 | 1957 |
| Age at enrollment (days) | 3.3 (3.0) | 9.4 (4.3) | 10.1 (3.9) | 11.2 (3.5) | 5.0 (3.6) | 10.4 (4.6) | 8.5 (4.7) | 7.3 (3.4) | 8.1 (4.7) |
| Weight for age (WAZ) at enrollment | −1.27 (0.9) | −0.20 (1.0) | −1.29 (1.0) | −0.92 (1.0) | −0.60 (0.90) | −1.40 (1.1) | −0.40 (1.0) | −0.14 (0.90) | −0.80 (1.0) |
| Male infants (%) | 49.0 | 50.7 | 44.9 | 53.0 | 54.1 | 49.1 | 50.6 | 49.4 | 50.1 |
| First baby (%) | 41.1 | 33.1 | 34.0 | 44.1 | 37.7 | 21.7 | 37.1 | 10.8 | 32.3 |
| Maternal education < 5 years (%) | 62.7 | 12.9 | 35.5 | 25.6 | 22.8 | 82.5 | 2.3 | 38.2 | 35.7 |
| Maternal age (y) | 24.8 (5.0) | 24.0 (5.5) | 23.9 (4.2) | 26.6 (3.7) | 24.3 (6.1) | 28.1 (5.9) | 26.8 (7.1) | 28.6 (6.6) | 26.0 (5.9) |
| Never married (%) | 0.0 | 12.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 10.1 | 0.0 | 39.4 | 1.6 | 8.1 |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | 22.3 (3.5) | 25.6 (4.5) | 22.0 (3.9) | 25.0 (3.2) | 24.7 (3.5) | 21.4 (3.7) | 26.9 (5.4) | 23.0 (3.5) | 23.8 (4.4) |
| Maternal Ravens Matrices raw score | 22.8 (10.2) | 43.7 (10.4) | 44.0 (10.5) | 42.0 (13.3) | 30.1 (13.1) | 25.7 (13.3) | 42.7(10.8) | 46.5 (8.0) | 36.6 (14.5) |
| Maternal SRQ 16 item score | 4.6 (3.5) | a | 4.0 (3.7) | 2.5 (2.6) | 2.4 (2.3) | 5.7 (3.5) | 3.0 (2.7) | 2.7 (2.9) | 3.6 (3.3) |
| Diarrheal prevalence (days) in the first 6 months | 6.1 (7.3) | 0.3 (1.5) | 4.1 (6.4) | 7.3 (9.8) | 7.8 (9.7) | 24.1 (24.6) | 0.6 (1.5) | 2.0 (3.2) | 6.8 (13.2) |
MAL‐ED study sites are referred to by abbreviations for their location: Dhaka, Bangladesh (BGD); Fortaleza, Brazil (BRF); Vellore, India (INV); Bhaktapur, Nepal (NEB); Naushahro Feroze, Pakistan (PKN); Loreto, Peru (PEL); Venda, South Africa (SAV); Haydom, Tanzania (TZH).
SRQ data from Brazil not included as it was not possible to factor analyse the data because of lack of variance.