Table S1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of high and low medication adherence groups
| Characteristics | MMAS scores
|
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3 or 4a (high adherence) | 0, 1, or 2b (low adherence) | ||
| Total of unique patients (%) | 47 (76) | 15 (24) | |
| Mean age in years (SD) | 38.1 (12.6) | 35.2 (11.3) | 0.40 |
| Sex – males n (%) | 20 (42) | 8 (53) | 0.46 |
| Disease duration in years (SD) | 14.2 (13.0) | 9.4 (9.2) | 0.17 |
| Drug-resistant epilepsyc n (%) | 10 (21.3) | 1 (6.7) | 0.26 |
| Comorbidities n (%) | 2.55 (2.3) | 1.78 (1.4) | 0.15 |
| Epilepsy specialist involvement n (%) | 36 (76.6) | 9 (60) | 0.31 |
| Number of visits n (%) | 4.9 (2.6) | 6.2 (1.7) | 0.03 |
| New diagnosis n (%) | 17 (36.1) | 5 (33.3) | 0.84 |
| EEG requested n (%) | 40 (85.1) | 13 (86.7) | 0.70 |
| MRI requested n (%) | 38 (80.9) | 12 (80.0) | 0.60 |
| Seizure frequencyd (IQR) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.52 |
| Academic medical center n (%) | 0.88 | ||
| Hospital A | 7 (14.9) | 2 (13.3) | |
| Hospital B | 40 (85.1) | 13 (86.6) | |
| Insurance: public n (%) | 18 (38.3) | 2 (13.3) | 0.11 |
| Insurance: private n (%) | 29 (61.7) | 13 (86.6) | |
| Number of AEDs prescribed (%) | 0.58 | ||
| ≤1 | 29 | 10 | |
| 2–3 | 16 | 4 | |
| ≥4 | 1 | 0 | |
| Seizure type n (%) | 0.42 | ||
| Simple partial | 6 (14.0) | 0 (0) | |
| Complex partial | 6 (14.0) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Prim generalized | 17 (39.5) | 4 (28.6) | |
| Second generalized | 10 (23.2) | 4 (28.6) | |
| More than one | 4 (9.3) | 2 (14.3) | |
| Epilepsy etiology n (%) | 0.33 | ||
| Cryptogenic | 3 (30) | 22 (56.4) | |
| Idiopathic | 4 (40) | 10 (25.6) | |
| Symptomatic | 3 (30) | 7 (18) | |
| Language n (%) | 0.32 | ||
| English speakers | 41 (89.1) | 15 (100) | |
| Non-English speakers | 5 (10.8) | 0 (0) | |
Notes:
Total MMAS score is equal to the total number of questions on the MMAS-4 questionnaire to which the patient answered “no”.
Drug-resistant epilepsy was defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately selected AED schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.
Number of seizures represents the mean number of seizures reported during the previous 6 months of the last visit for epilepsy within the care period. The seizure frequency values were not normally distributed. Therefore, the median values for seizure frequency were reported and P-values were obtained from a two-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; AED, antiepileptic drug; EEG, electroencephalogram; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MMAS, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale; IQR, interquartile range.