Table S2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of medication adherence groups (MMAS ordinal categories)
| MMAS ordinal categories
|
P-valuea | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| Total of unique patients n (%) | 4 (6.4) | 11 (17.7) | 19 (30.6) | 28 (45.3) | |
| Median age in years (SD) | 24.5 (13.5) | 35 (10.4) | 43 (11.7) | 32 (13.4) | 0.44 |
| Sex – males n (%) | 4 (100) | 4 (36.4) | 6 (31.6) | 14 (50) | 0.07 |
| Disease duration in years (SD) | 7 (4.9) | 8 (10.8) | 5 (15.3) | 13 (11.6) | 0.80 |
| Drug-resistant epilepsyb n (%) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | 5 (26.3) | 5 (17.86) | 0.32 |
| Comorbidities n (%) | 4 (100) | 10 (90.9) | 17 (89.4) | 26 (92.8) | 0.90 |
| Epilepsy specialist involvement n (%) | 4 (100) | 5 (45.5) | 14 (73.7) | 22 (78.6) | 0.13 |
| Number of visits n (%) | 5.5 (1.3) | 6 (1.8) | 4 (2.7) | 4 (2.6) | 0.06 |
| New diagnosis n (%) | 2 (50) | 3 (27.3) | 8 (42.1) | 9 (32.1) | 0.75 |
| EEG requested n (%) | 4 (100) | 9 (81.8) | 15 (78.9) | 25 (89.3) | 0.61 |
| MRI requested n (%) | 4 (100) | 8 (72.7) | 15 (78.9) | 23 (82.1) | 0.68 |
| Seizure frequencyc (IQR) | 0.5 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–4) | 0.89 |
| Academic medical center n (%) | |||||
| Hospital A | 1 (25) | 1 (9.1) | 4 (21) | 3 (10.7) | 0.66 |
| Hospital B | 3 (75) | 10 (90.9) | 15 (79) | 25 (89.3) | |
| Insurance: public | 0 (0) | 22 (18.2) | 6 (31.6) | 12 (42.8) | 0.22 |
| Insurance: private | 4 (100) | 9 (81.8) | 13 (68.4) | 16 (57.2) | |
| Documentation of side effects n (%) | 3 (75) | 9 (81.8) | 12 (63.1) | 24 (85.7) | 0.32 |
| Presence of side effects n (%) | 1 (33.3) | 3 (33.3) | 3 (25) | 5 (20.8) | 0.88 |
| Prescription of new generation AEDs n (%) | 4 (100) | 10 (100) | 14 (77.8) | 18 (72) | 0.19 |
| Number of AEDs prescribed n (%) | 0.61 | ||||
| ≤1 | 4 (100) | 6 (60) | 12 (66.7) | 17 (60.7) | |
| 2–3 | 0 (0) | 4 (40) | 6 (33.3) | 10 (35.7) | |
| ≥4 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.6) | |
| Seizure type n (%) | 0.52 | ||||
| Simple partial | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (18.8) | 3 (13) | |
| Complex partial | 1 (25) | 3 (37.5) | 3 (18.8) | 3 (13) | |
| Prim generalized | 3 (75) | 1 (12.5) | 6 (37.4) | 11 (47.8) | |
| Second generalized | 0 (0) | 4 (50) | 4 (25) | 6 (26.2) | |
| More than one | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Epilepsy etiology n (%) | 0.33 | ||||
| Cryptogenic | 1 (33.4) | 3 (42.8) | 3 (17.7) | 7 (31.8) | |
| Idiopathic | 0 (0) | 3 (42.8) | 3 (17.7) | 4 (18.2) | |
| Symptomatic | 2 (66.6) | 1 (14.4) | 11 (64.6) | 11 (50) | |
| English speakers n (%) | 4 (100) | 11 (100) | 15 (79) | 26 (96.3) | 0.17 |
Notes:
P-values were calculated using ANOVA for continuous variables (eg, age, disease duration) and χ2 test for categorical variables (eg, sex, primary language).
Drug-resistant epilepsy was defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately selected AED schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.
Number of seizures represents the mean number of seizures reported during the previous 6 months of the last visit for epilepsy within the care period. The seizure frequency values were not normally distributed. Therefore, the median values for seizure frequency were reported and P-values were obtained from a two-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; AED, antiepileptic drug; EEG, electroencephalogram; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MMAS, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale; ANOVA, analysis of variance; IQR, interquartile range.