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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 4.
Published in final edited form as: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 Jun 22;55(41):12596–12624. doi: 10.1002/anie.201600547

Scheme 15.

Scheme 15

(A) Pyridinium-promoted macrocyclization reactions through (B) conformational control enabled by the cation–π interaction. The red dotted line indicates a cation–π interaction. Blue circles indicate reactive functional groups. TMEDA = N,N,N,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine.