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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Oct 4.
Published in final edited form as: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 Jun 22;55(41):12596–12624. doi: 10.1002/anie.201600547

Scheme 27.

Scheme 27

Chiral pyrrolidine-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reaction with a stereochemical model for the transition structure leading to the major product. The red dotted line represents a cation–π interaction. Black dotted lines represent breaking or forming bonds.