Table 3.
Baseline Characteristics and 10-Year All-Cause Mortality Stratified by Sex and Category of Vitamin D Intake From Food and Supplements in the CaMos
| Men (n = 2746)
|
Women (n = 6287)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low, <10 μg (n = 2206) | Moderate, 10–20 μg (n = 449) | High, ≥20 μg (n = 91) | Low, <10 μg (n = 4635) | Moderate, 10–20 μg (n = 1354) | High, ≥20 μg (n = 298) | |
| Age, y | 60.2 ± 14.5 | 61.3 ± 14.0 | 61.2 ± 14.1 | 63.2 ± 13.1 | 64.4 ± 11.6 | 65.4 ± 10.9 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.0 ± 4.1 | 26.8 ± 4.0 | 27.7 ± 4.2 | 27.1 ± 5.2 | 26.6 ± 5.0 | 26.2 ± 4.7 |
| SF-36 PCS score | 49.1 ± 9.3 | 48.5 ± 9.7 | 48.3 ± 9.4 | 46.8 ± 10.4 | 45.9 ± 10.8 | 44.3 ± 11.4 |
| Physical activity, 1000 MET · m/d | 2.49 ± 0.44 | 2.52 ± 0.45 | 2.48 ± 0.43 | 2.51 ± 0.35 | 2.53 ± 0.34 | 2.50 ± 0.37 |
| Calcium, mg | 784 ± 459 | 1300 ± 641 | 1829 ± 1013 | 899 ± 519 | 1353 ± 637 | 1815 ± 765 |
| Deaths | 333 (15.1) | 74± (16.5) | 16 (17.6) | 537± (11.8) | 153± (11.3) | 37 (12.4) |
| Current smoker | 430 (19.5) | 65 (14.3) | 10 (11.0) | 678 (14.6) | 189 (14.0) | 24 (8.1) |
| High alcohol | 158 (7.2) | 37 (8.3) | 8 (8.8) | 234 (5.1) | 81 (6.0) | 8 (2.7) |
| Regular sun exposure | 373 (16.9) | 84 (18.7) | 14 (15.4) | 420 (9.1) | 119 (8.8) | 21 (7.1) |
| No high school diploma | 747 (33.8) | 122 (27.2) | 26 (28.6) | 1854 (40.0) | 484 (35.8) | 117 (39.3) |
| Aspirin use | 448 (20.3) | 106 (23.6) | 19 (20.9) | 732 (15.8) | 245 (18.1) | 59 (19.8) |
| Other NSAIDs | 107 (7.4) | 56 (8.2) | 55 (8.8) | 262 (10.2) | 175 (10.7) | 239 (11.5) |
| Heart disease | 228 (10.3) | 28 (6.2) | 4 (4.4) | 238 (5.1) | 59 (4.4) | 8 (2.4) |
| Type 2 diabetes | 140 (6.4) | 30 (6.7) | 10 (11.0) | 273 (5.9) | 67 (5.0) | 11 (3.7) |
| Hypertension | 546 (24.7) | 114 (25.4) | 18 (19.8) | 1419 (30.6) | 386 (28.5) | 75 (25.2) |
| Stroke | 94 (4.3) | 21 (4.7) | 2 (2.2) | 166 (3.6) | 53 (3.9) | 10 (3.4) |
| COPD | 142 (6.4) | 37 (8.2) | 3 (3.3) | 396 (8.5) | 128 (9.5) | 21 (7.1) |
| Kidney stones | 236 (10.7) | 35 (7.8) | 8 (8.8) | 283 (6.1) | 96 (7.1) | 14 (4.7) |
| Osteoporosis | —a | — | — | 392 (8.5) | 184 (13.6) | 88 (29.5) |
| Thyroid disease | — | — | — | 785 (16.9) | 267 (19.7) | 66 (22.2) |
| IBD | — | — | — | 278 (6.0) | 88 (6.5) | 22 (7.4) |
| Breast cancer | — | — | — | 186 (4.0) | 50 (3.7) | 20 (6.7) |
| Uterine cancer | NA | NA | NA | 94 (2.0) | 34 (2.5) | 7 (2.4) |
| Prostate cancer | 60 (2.7) | 18 (4.0) | 5 (5.5) | NA | NA | NA |
Abbreviations: MET, metabolic equivalent; NA, not applicable. Data shown are means ± SD or n (%). Bivariate associations with P ≤ .05 are indicated in bold and those with P > .05 in italics.
a
—, low prevalence, not used in model.