Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of participants enrolled in the study.
| Participants with type 2 diabetes
|
Control
|
Difference between groups
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| n=14 | n=21 | p-value | |
| Age, years | 73.8 (6.0) | 76.4 (6.8) | 0.245 |
| Female, n (%) | 6 (42.9) | 14 (66.7) | 0.221 |
| History of non-traumatic osteoporotic fracturea, n (%) | 3 (21.4) | 3 (14.3) | 0.541 |
| BMI, kg/mb | 30.7 (7.4) | 28.9 (5.4) | 0.462 |
| Time since menopauseb, years | 27.6 (5.8) | 31.0 (7.2) | 0.348 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 2 (14.3) | 3 (14.3) | 0.956 |
| Number of prescribed medications | 5.8 (2.9) | 5.1 (1.6) | 0.376 |
| Age-adjusted Charlson Index | 4.4 (0.8) | 2.2 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Calcium intake from supplementsc, mg/day | 463 (560) | 343 (462) | 0.511 |
| Vitamin D3 intake from supplementsc, IU/day | 785 (1224) | 559 (651) | 0.547 |
| Currently prescribed NSAID, n (%) | 5 (35.7) | 6 (28.6) | 0.287 |
| PASE score | 85.6 (37.8) | 82.3 (82.7) | 0.884 |
| Serum biochemistry | |||
| Random glucose, mmol/L | 8.3 (2.1) | 5.6 (1.1) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 75.6 (20.4) | 75.4 (19.9) | 0.978 |
| Cockcroft-gault value, mL/min | 96.2 (31.4) | 86.2 (24.4) | 0.319 |
| Albumin, g/L | 32.9 (3.5) | 33.9 (4.1) | 0.562 |
Values are mean (SD), unless indicated otherwise.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; PASE, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly; IU, international units.
a
Non-traumatic osteoporotic fracture includes hip, wrist, spine or proximal humerus fracture occurring after age 40.
b
Number of years since menopause reported from female participants only.
c
Including amount from multivitamin, if applicable.