Table 2.
Treatment and hospital course for children admitted to the Children’s Hospital Colorado ICU with EV-D68 from August to November, 2014 compared with H1N1 Influenza, May 2009 to January 2010 (N=165)
| EV-D68 N = 97 | H1N1 influenza N = 68 | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | |||
| Oxygen therapy duration, days; median (IQR) (n=136) | 3 (2, 5) | 7 (3,13) | <.0001b |
| Antibiotics, n (%) | 36 (37) | 57 (84) | <.0001 |
| Steroids, n (%) | 86 (89) | 27 (40) | <.0001 |
| Bronchodilators, n (%) | 91 (94) | 33 (49) | <.0001 |
| Hospital Course | |||
| Length of stay, days; median (IQR) | 4 (3, 6) | 7 (4, 23) | <.0001b |
| PICU length of stay, days; median (IQR) | 2 (1, 3) | 3 (2, 10) | <.0001b |
| Hypotension requiring pressors, n (%) | 3 (3) | 22 (32) | <.0001 |
| Intubation, n (%) | 7 (7) | 30 (44) | <.0001 |
| BiPAP or CPAPc, n (%) (n=164) | 68 (70) | 21 (31) | <.0001 |
| ECMOd, n (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (6) | 0.03e |
| Cardiovascular complications other than hypotension, n (%) | 1 (1) | 4 (6) | 0.16e |
| Neurological complications, n (%) | 2 (2) | 2 (3) | 1.0e |
| ARDSf, n (%) | 3 (3) | 16 (24) | <.0001 |
| Shock - any organs involved in hypoperfusion, n (%) | 0 (0) | 11 (16) | <.0001e |
| Death, n (%) | 0 (0) | 8 (12) | 0.0006e |
a
Chi Square unless otherwise specified
b
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
c
BiPAP – bilevel positive airway pressure, CPAP – Continuous positive airway pressure
d
ECMO- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
e
Fisher’s Exact test
f
ARDS- Acute respiratory distress syndrome