Figure 2.

Genes upregulated in male embryos. Data represent the fold change of level of expression relative to housekeeping genes. Fold change was multiplied by the factor shown on the Y axis for ease in graphing. Results are least-squares means ± s.e.m. of eight biological replicates of 50 pooled morulae each. The effect of sex was P < 0.03 for all genes. Note that DDX3Y, EIF1AY are Y-linked and BMP15 is X-linked. The primers for DDX3Y hybridize with DDX3X-like.