Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study group
| Successful CTO-PCI n = 32 | |
|---|---|
| Age (y) | 59 ± 10.2 |
| Female | 8 (21 %) |
| Hypertension | 15 (47 %) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 17 (53 %) |
| Diabetes | 10 (31 %) |
| HbA1C (%) | 7 ± 1.7 |
| History of smoking | |
| No | 13 (41 %) |
| Yes | 11 (34 %) |
| Current smoker | 8 (25 %) |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1 ± 0.2 |
| GFR (MDRD-4; ml/min) | 58 ± 5.2 |
| Previous stroke | 1 (3 %) |
| Peripheral arterial vasculopathy | 8 (25 %) |
| LVEF (%) by echocardiography | 30 ± 6.9 |
| 30 (25–35.8) | |
| ACEF score* | 2 ± 0.8 |
| 2 (1.4–2.7) | |
| Angina | 11 (34 %) |
| NYHA functional class | |
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 23 (72 %) |
| 3 | 9 (28 %) |
| Atrial fibrillation/Atrial flutter | 1 (3 %) |
| Previous MI | 18 (56 %) |
| Previous STEMI | 14 (44 %) |
| Q waves | 19 (59 %) |
| Previous PCI | 11 (34 %) |
| Previous CABG | 4 (13 %) |
| ACEi/ARB | 26 (81 %) |
| Beta blockers | 29 (91 %) |
| Aldosterone receptor antagonists | 14 (44 %) |
| Diuretics | 16 (50 %) |
| Digoxin | 1 (3 %) |
| Statin | 30 (94 %) |
Values are given as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range) and n (%). ACEi indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, CABG coronary artery bypass graft, GFR glomerular filtration rate, HbA1C glycosylated hemoglobin, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, MI myocardial infarction, NYHA New York Heart Association functional class, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, STEMI ST-elevation myocardial infarction
*ACEF score: age (y)/ejection fraction (%) +1 (if serum creatinine >2 mg/dL)